Green biotechnology plays an important role in the modern agriculture. Recent progress in molecular biology and genetic engineering provides an opportunity of obtaining transgenic plants with improved characteristics, such as yield parameters, nutritional value, taste, biochemical composition, cold tolerance or pathogen resistance. Genetically modified plants can be used to produce a variety of recombinant proteins of biomedical or industrial significance, including enzymes, antigens, antibodies, hormones and secondary metabolites. Research on transgenic plants has been carried out in many countries. While there has been great development of green biotechnology worldwide, some significant achievements in this field can be contributed to Polish scientists. The paper presents research on genetically modified crops carried out in Polish scientific centers and its potential usage in different areas of man life.
Occurrence of lodging is a result of environmental stress factors and causes significant losses in crop yields. One of the major factors determining plant resistance to lodging is stem length. Thought, the introduction of the dwarfing genes into genome or application of growth regulators, that inhibit gibberellins biosynthesis, are known as the most important approaches in lodging prevention. In this study we analyzed the influence of chlormequat chloride (CCC) and trinexapac-ethyl application on transcriptome of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ‘Bezostaya 1’. For analysis, the tall control line and isogenic line carrying Rht12 dwarfing gene were selected. Subsequently, the real-time PCR technique was used to determine the expression of five genes encoding enzymes involved in gibberellins biosynthesis pathway (CPS, KS, GA20ox, GA3ox and GA2ox).
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