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The paper presents a theoretical method for determining the optimal correction to be in-troduced in a mechanical system. The active control of harmonic vibrations may be achie-ved by applying a control unit which ought to reduce the vibration amplitude of the selec-ted elements of the system. The proposed method makes it possible to determine the con-troller parameters which provide an optimum value of the chosen quality index. This crite-rion includes the reduction of weighted amplitudes of the elements on the one hand, andminimizes energy of the control signal on the other. The described method is suitable fordetermination of an optimum controller of turbine rotor vibrations caused by bearing oil whip, bearing oilwhirl or aerodynamic forces. For the case of rotor self-excited vibrations of aerodynamic type the linearmodel of excitations was compared with the neural network method
The paper presents a general approach to mechanical system modification aimed at con-trolling the steady harmonic vibrations by means of passive and active methods. The rela-tive decrease of harmonic vibration amplitudes of selected elements of the mechanicalsystem has been chosen as a measure of the quality of the introduced modification. The proposed theoretical method enables to determine the parameters of the system's dynamicflexibility matrix, which show the most remarkable effect on the dynamic behaviour of thewhole system. When active control is considered the method is useful in designing thestructure and choosing the parameters of the control system. In certain cases of self-excited vibration theapproach helps examining the elements of the system, most responsible for this kind of excitation.
This paper presents experimental investigations which made it possible to determine dynamic coefficients of labyrinth over-shroud seal of a model air turbine. The coefficients associate pressure forces with turbine rotor displacement, velocity and acceleration respective to turbine casing (linear model) and play important role in analyzing turbine-set dynamics. The obtained results indicated that involving serious errors can be expected in the case of application of the simplification consisting in neglecting inertia coefficients, proposed in the literature. It was simultaneously demonstrated that seals can be also met of weak damping qualities, for which to neglect damping coeffcients is allowable
This paper presents results of numerical examination of flow through over-shroud seals of turbine stages. Various labyrinth seals of different configurations and number of sealing teeth were considered. It was demonstrated that results of investigations of isolated seals cannot be directly used for analyzing turbine stage operation. Such approach may lead to relatively large errors in determining value of aerodynamic force and direction of its action
This article presents basic results of the design analysis of a combined gas-vapour micro power plant with a waste-heat boiler without exhaust reheat, working in the vapour section in the organic rankine cycle (ORC) system. The analysis concerned working media most frequently used in those types of power plants and that plan to be used in the future. The object of the analysis was a micro power plant with a 30 kW gas (air) turbine for which the low-boiling medium was selected in such a way as to obtain maximum possible power output of the vapour turbine and, consequently, the highest efficiency of the combined cycle. The analysis also included vapour micro power plants with heat regeneration for so-called dry media and cycles without heat regeneration for so-called wet media. The amount of thermal energy available for utilization in the cogeneration micro power plant at the assumed condenser temperatures equalling 95ºC, 55ºC, and 30ºC, respectively, was assessed. The most favourable medium in terms of the obtained power output and efficiency of the combined cycle was selected and the effect of the low-boiling medium on design parameters of the vapour micro turbine was assessed.
This paper presents results of the design analysis of a Tesla bladeless turbine intended for a co-generating micro-power plant of heat capacity 20 kW, which operates in an organic Rankine cycle on a low-boiling medium. Numerical calculations of flow in several Tesla turbine models were performed for a range of design parameters. Results of investigations exhibit interesting features in the distribution of flow parameters within the turbine interdisk space. The calculated flow efficiency of the investigated Tesla turbine models show that the best obtained solutions can be competitive as compared with classical small bladed turbines
This paper presents results of a design analysis of turbines for co-generating micro-power plant working in accordance with organic Rankine’s cycle and using biofuel. The heat power range from 25 kW to 100 kW with corresponding available electric power from 2kW to 12kW, was considered. Designs of axial-flow turbines (single-stage and multi-stage ones, also those partially fed), radial-flow and axial-radial -flow ones, were analyzed. Particular variants of the solutions were compared to each other
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