Once hunting was a simple use of natural resources; today it means managing wild populations and active nature protection. In the second half of the 18th century there was an evolution of man's attitude towards nature, including wild animals. Man has gradually become aware that he is responsible for nature, for the surrounding environment. This change in mentality in turn affected the evolution of hunting. Foresters and hunters began managing populations of game animals and their biotopes. An organizational framework for this activity has been provided by CIC (International Council of Hunting). The hunters cannot and should not concentrate only on game animals but should also be concerned with their biotopes, treating fauna and flora as an entity. It is a new challenge, a new responsibility of vital importance.