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1

Estimating the effect of precipitation and vegetation on water yield in Northern China

100%
Shi C., Yuan S., Shi C., Zhao T.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2018
|
tom 27
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nr 1
This study attempts to analyze how precipitation and vegetation affect water yield in Haihe watershed. Based on the annual runoff and meteorological data, the water balance equation and the calibrated Zhang model were used to simulate the effects of precipitation and vegetation on water yield. The simulated results showed that the effect of precipitation on water yield was linear in mountainous area of Haihe watershed, and a 1 mm change (increase or decrease) in precipitation will cause a 0.51 mm change in water yield; under the mean annual precipitation of 534 mm, the effects of decreasing water yield by per unit cover ratio for forest, grassland, and farmland were 1.26, 0.47, and 0.69 mm, respectively. The decreased water yields for forest, grassland, and farmland were associated with aridity indexes by negative power functions, and indicate that the effect of vegetation on water yield was smaller in drier areas. For three vegetation types the effects of vegetation on water yield were similar for crops and grass, and were much larger for forest.
2

Construction of high-efficiency transformation vector with multiple insect-resistant genes and expression in tobacco

76%
Yuan S., Dong Y., Zhang N., Ren Y., Yang M., Gao B.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2017
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tom 39
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nr 01
3

Effect of phytohormones on fiber initiation of cotton ovule

76%
Zhang H., Shao M., Qiao Z., Yuan S., Wang X., Hua S.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2009
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tom 31
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nr 5
In order to study the effect of phytohormones on cotton fiber initiation, contents of four endogenous phytohormones and activities of four related enzymes in ovules (in vivo) of a fuzzless–lintless mutant (fl) and its wild-type (FL) line were measured from 4 days before anthesis (day -4) to 4 days after anthesis (day 4). The results showed that contents of indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid (GA), and zeatin riboside in fl ovules were lower than those in FL ovules. Therefore, indole-3-acetic acid, GA, and zeatin riboside were thought to be the promoters of fiber initiation. Although abscisic acid (ABA) content in fl ovule was slightly higher than that in FL ovule on day 0, which might imply that ABA inhibited fiber initiation. Fiber initiation could also be influenced by enzyme through regulating synthesis and degradation of related phytohormones since fl ovules were significantly higher in activities of indole-3-acetic acid oxidase, cytokinin oxidase and peroxidase, but lower in activity of tryptophan synthetase than those in FL ovules. To test the above hypothesis, exogenous plant growth regulators were also applied for the culture of ovules from fl and FL in vitro. When no regulators were added, no fiber was induced on fl ovule, but a few fibers were induced in FL ovule. Higher total fiber units (TFU) were observed when indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid (GA₃) were applied either separately or in combination to media. TFU did not increased with zeatin riboside alone, but the highest TFU was achieved when zeatin riboside was applied together with indole-3 acetic acid and GA₃, which implied that fiber initiation could be promoted by them as additive.
4

Comparative expression analysis of dehydrins between two barley varieties, wild barley and Tibetan hulless barley associated with different stress resistance

64%
Du J.-B., Yuan S., Chen Y.-E., Sun X., Zhang Z.-W., Xu F., Yuan M., Shang J., Lin H.-H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2011
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tom 33
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nr 2
Drought, salinity and cold are the major environmental factors impacting on survival and productivity of Tibetan hulless barley in Tibetan Plateau of China. Tibetan hulless barley cultivar, Tibetan Heiqingke No. 1, has developed a strong tolerance and adaptation to stresses in relation to the wild barley. The differences of dehydrin gene transcription and translation between Tibetan Heiqingke No. 1 and the wild barley under drought, salinity and low temperature stresses were investigated in the present study to figure out the putative mechanism of stress tolerance of Tibetan Heiqingke No. 1. The leaf relative water contents (RWCs) decreased more slowly in Tibetan hulless barley than the wild barley under osmotic and low temperature conditions. Electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde and H₂O₂ contents increased faster in wild barley than those of Tibetan hulless barley, which indicated that cells of wild barley received more damages than Tibetan hulless barley. Furthermore, the expression of several dehydrin genes, belonging to four different classifications respectively, was also investigated. Polyclonal antibodies against dehydrins were obtained from rabbit after prokaryotic expression and purification of TDHN4, a dehydrin protein from Tibetan hulless barley. With these antibodies and dehydrin gene fragments, western blotting analysis and RT-PCR showed that Tibetan Heiqingke No. 1 accumulated higher abundance of dehydrins than stresssensitive wild barley under all stress conditions.
5

Different tolerance of photosynthetic apparatus to Cd stress in two rice cultivars with the same leaf Cd accumulation

64%
Chen Y.-E., Mao H.-T., Wu N., Khan A., Din A. M. U., Ding C.-B., Zhang Z.-W., Yuan S., Yuan M.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2019
|
tom 41
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nr 12
In plants, cadmium (Cd) is regarded as one of the most toxic metals and affects many physiological and biochemical processes. To investigate the effects of Cd on photosynthesis and antioxidant system of japonica and indica rice cultivars, Wuyu 21 (WY21) and IIyou 808 (IIY808) seedlings were exposed to different concentrations of Cd for 7 days. Our results indicated that Cd treatments resulted in the significant decrease in photosynthetic capacity and the obvious oxidative damage in WY21 and IIY808. Although Cd contents in the leaves and stem had no obvious difference between WY21 and IIY808 under Cd stress, japonica cultivar WY21 showed higher Cd contents of roots and photosynthetic efficiency compared with indica cultivar IIY808 under Cd stress. In contrast, the lower generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death were observed in WY21 relative to IIY808. However, almost all antioxidant enzymes activities and the concentrations of four antioxidants showed no significant differences between WY21 and IIY808. Furthermore, the severe oxidative damage in IIY808 was accompanied by the marked decline in the levels of two photosystem II (PSII) proteins (D2 and D1) under high concentration of Cd. In conclusion, we concluded that high Cd resistance in japonica cultivar WY21 is probably attributed to the high photosynthesis under Cd stress.
6

Investigating hydrological responses and adaptive operation of a hydropower station under a climate change scenario

52%
Zaman M., Yuan S., Liu J., Ahmad I., Sultan M., Quamar M. U., Saifullah M., Adnan M., Anjum M. N., Nawaz M. I., Ali I.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2018
|
tom 27
|
nr 5
In this study we investigated the projections of climate change and its impacts on the water resources of the Xin’anjiang watershed and optimal hydropower production using future run-offs (the decades of the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s). The arc SWAT hydrological model and change factor downscaling technique were integrated to detect the run-offs and to downscale CMIP5 future climate variables, respectively. Optimal hydropower generation using future runoff was predicted by developing a mathematical model and by applying the particle swarm optimization technique within its paradigm. The results depict an increase of up to 5.9ºC in monthly mean maximum temperature, and 5.58ºC in minimum temperature until the 2080s. There will be a 63% increase in flow magnitudes more than the base year flow during the 2020s, whereas up to 70% and 31.40% increments have been observed for the 2050s and 2080s, respectively. The results revealed potential hydropower generation of 19.23*10⁸ kWh using 2020s runoff of rainy years. Similarly, 19.35*10⁸ kWh and 14.23*10⁸ kWh were estimated from the flows during the 2050s and 2080s, respectively.
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