Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 8

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Agaricus bisporus plays an important role in ecological processes and is one of the most widely cultivated mushrooms worldwide. Mushroom growth-promoting bacteria have been isolated from casing soil and compost, but microorganisms in the fruiting body have received only a little attention. To get an overview of phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms in the fruiting body of A. bisporus, as well as to screen antimicrobial and mushroom growth-promoting strains, and eventually intensify mushroom production, we isolated and characterized microorganisms from the fruiting body of A. bisporus. In total, 55 bacterial strains were isolated, among which nine isolates represented Actinomycetes. All the isolates were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene RFLP and sixteen representative strains by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. According to the phylogenetic analysis, eleven isolates represented the Gram-positive Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pandorea and Streptomyces genera, and five isolates belonged to the Gram-negative Alcaligenes and Pseudomonas genera. The bacteria isolated from the fruiting body of A. bisporus had broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and potential mushroom growth-promoting abilities.
Electroplating sludge and associated waste products comprise complex mixtures of metallic elements and may cause serious environmental pollution if discharged without treatment. An effective light industrial process is modified to selectively extract and recover copper and nickel from electroplating sludge. The procedure was developed on a laboratory scale and validated in a small pilot plant. Extraction yields of greater than 95% for Cu and Ni are achieved under optimum leaching conditions. To selectively recover copper and nickel from the leaching solution, they were extracted by N902 in kerosene, followed by selective stripping using sulfuric acid. The overall recoveries of copper and nickel were 93.6% and 88.9%, respectively, via a fast, simple, and inexpensive process. Partial recovery of ammonia in the process enables some cost savings. The technology can be used for metal resource recovery from solid wastes containing copper and nickel.
Winter bedding sites used by red deer Cervus elaphus xanthopygus Milne-Edwards, 1867 and roe deer Capreolus capreolus bedfordi Thomas, 1908 were studied in the forests of northeastern China from 1991 to 1992. Night beds used by both cervids were higher in canopy closure than day beds. Roe deer selected night bedding sites with denser canopy closure and higher percentage of coniferous trees, and day beds with better concealment cover than red deer. Roe deer selected night beds with higher canopy closure during cold mid winter period than during early and late winter period, whereas no such difference existed in day beds. Red deer showed no significant difference in canopy closure over day and night beds between mid and late winter. Canopy closure, composition of coniferous species, average distance to the nearest tree, and ground cover were identified to discriminate night and day beds for both cervids. The difference in selection of bed-site may reflect different energy requirements of large-bodied red deer and small-bodied roe deer.
Seasonal composition and quality of diets of red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 were investigated, basing on microhistolagical analysis of composite fecal samples in the Less Xingan Mountains, northeastern China. Red deer consumed more graminoids (46%) in spring, shifted to forbs (45%) in summer, and returned to graminoids (35%) in autumn. Availability and high quality [high level of crude protein (CP), and low level of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in farbs in summer] appeared to be two key factors causing these changes in diets. Winter diets were dominated by browses (74%) and the horsetails Equisetum hiernale (21%). Three forbs (Oxalix corniculata, Caltha palustris, Agrimonia pilosa) were prevalent in diets during snow-free seasons, and aspen (Populus spp.) was an important browse species in all seasons, especially in winter (32%). Forage and diet quality changed seasonally. Dietary CP and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) declined significantly from spring to winter (from 19.6 to 6.4% and from 61.1 to 32.9%, respectively). In contrast, dietary NDF and ADF increased from 55.6 to 69.9% and from 27.9 to 54.3%, respectively. Red deer diets showed different patterns of seasonal variation in mineral contents. In most cases, dietary Ca, P and K were adequate, but Na appeared deficient all the year round. It is concluded that red deer in this region are typical mixed feeders and their diet shows seasonal changes in quality, similar to those of North American wapiti. Although red deer may have enough protein in most seasons, energy might be a key limiting factor in severe winters.
The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MKK) represent a small gene family that is located at the center of the MAPK cascade and play an important role in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and in plant growth and development. Here, we report the cloning of an MKK gene from Brassica napus, BnMKK1 (GenBank Accession No. HQ916282), by RT-PCR. The BnMKK1 cDNA is 1,447 bp in length with an open reading frame of 1,092 bp. The gene encodes a putative MKK protein that contains a conserved motif S/TxxxxxS/T (where x represents any amino acid) and a MPK docking domain in its N-terminal extension. The orthologues of the BnMKK1 protein are highly conserved among mosses, ferns, dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Southern hybridization revealed the presence of more than two copies of the BnMKK1 homologues in the genome of B. napus. Quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that the BnMKK1 transcripts accumulated in response to cold, ABA (abscisic acid) and MeJA (methyl jasmonate) but declined in response to mannitol, NaCl, H₂O₂, and SA (salicylic acid). The inhibitors of MAPK activation, PD98059 and U0126, did not inhibit BnMKK1 transcription. BnMKK1 transgenic tobacco plants grew slower and showed significantly delayed flower times compared to the wild type. Their root development was insensitive to treatment with 100 mM IAA (indole-3-acetic acid). The detached leaves from the transgenic BnMKK1 tobacco plants strengthened the inhibition to bacterial development at later growth stages. The overexpression of BnMKK1 leads to rapid water loss and enhanced sensitivities to drought stress in transgenic tobacco plants. These results show that BnMKK1 plays an important role in the response of plants to pathogenic bacteria and drought stress.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.