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The number, topographic sequence and duration of the moults of the coat of Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 are analysed using wild specimens from collections and albino specimens born and kept in the laboratory. Mice undergo an uninterrupted series of regular moults throughout its life. Each has a typical duration. The juvenile moult is the fastest and in all cases the speed of moulting is unconstant. At first the rate is accelerated but it frequently decelerates, and even pauses, so that some parts of the body, mainly the cephalic area, do not moult. This pause leads to a superposition of waves of different moults with the coexistence of 3 or more coats. The superpositions, revealed by dying the laboratory animals' coats, could be the reason why previous authors have claimed the existence of irregular moults in M. musculus. With the wild specimens, despite the fact that the inner surface of the skin yields less information, moulting patterns, similar to those described in the laboratory specimens, may be detected.
To analyse the population structure and reproductive biology of the Iberian hare Lepus granatensis Rosenhauer, 1856, 498 hares (264 males and 234 females) were collected in monthly samples from October 1998 to September 1999. Females reached larger sizes than males, with approximately 400 g difference in body mass on reaching sexual maturity. The total sex ratio was 1:1, with a bias in favour of males in winter. Sexually active males and females appeared in every month but August, when no sexually active female was found. Births occurred in every month and were more frequent between March and July. Seasonal variation in kidney fat index (KFI) followed a similar pattern in males and females, with an increase in mid-autumn and a decline at the end of winter. Reproductive activity appeared in every month, with a maximum from February to June. Reproductively hyperactive females (simultaneously pregnant and nursing) appeared in every month except in January, with a first peak in March and a second lower peak in May-June. Litter size fluctuated between 1 and 7 leverets. The most frequent gestations involved 1 or 2 foetuses. The mean annual litter size was 2.08 and the average number of litters per productive female per year was estimated to be 3.48. The maximum productivity was recorded between March and May. The total annual production of young per adult female was estimated to be 7.21. The minimum annual survival rate of young was 27.91%. On the basis of these results we propose to maintain the limit of the hunting period between October and December. We discuss the relationship between the low young/adult ratio obtained and the hunting method used.
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