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1

Gait ability analyse in senior age 65+ related to the quality of life indicators

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Krejci M., Hill M., Jandova D., Gorny M. P., Kajzar J.
Trends in Sport Sciences
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2019
|
tom 26
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nr 1
Introduction. In the study the gait indicators measured by the Tinetti Gait Test are analysed in correlation to indicators of the quality of life of seniors according to the RAND 36 Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Aim of Study. Main aim of the presented study is to point out the gait ability of seniors aged sixty-five and older in the complexity analysis of bio-psychosocial approach. Material and Methods. The research sample for the study consisted of 500 seniors of the Czech Republic, selected by randomized selection from all Czech regions, from seniors’ houses. The monitored seniors were in age 65 years and older (mean: 75.9 SD ± 7.14), 234 males (mean: 74.5 SD ± 7.74) and 266 females (mean: 76.9 SD ± 7.23). The seniors participated in the investigation voluntarily on the base of signed informed consent. Diagnostic methods: medical anamnesis; functional anthropological examination; Tinetti Gait Test; RAND 36 Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Statistics: multivariate regression with reduction of dimensionality, method of orthogonal projection to latent structure. Results. The created linear regression model was highly statistically significant (p < 0.001) and showed high selectivity as well as high specificity to the SF-36 items. The clinical validity of the model demonstrated a 72% predictive value for the detection and an 87% successful specification of the items of health survey SF-36 in correlation to the Tinetti Gait Test. Also higher age of seniors, number of taken medicaments, health problems as diabetes, sclerosis multiplex, haemorrhage, heart problem and stroke are in significant negative correlation to the Tinetti Gait Test result. Conclusions. The study demonstrated the possibility of the gait ability in seniors 65+ may be searched very closely and significantly related to the physical, psychic and social quality of life indicators. The analysed predictors to the successful gait ability development are inspiration for experts, which focus their work on kinesiotherapy and adapted physical education in senior age.
2

Sport activity in the context of subjective well-being of university students

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Paskova L., Slizik M., Blahutkova M., Gorny M. P., Benedik L.
Trends in Sport Sciences
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2019
|
tom 26
|
nr 2
Introduction. In our research we were particularly interested in answering the question whether there is a relationship between a person’s comfort or well-being in relation with the sporting activity of adolescents. Aim of Study. The aim of the research was to analyse the relationship between physical activity and subjective well-being of university students. Material and Methods. The research was carried out on a group of university students studying at different types of universities. The research group consisted of 150 men and 230 women with an average age of 20.81 years. For data collection we used: questionnaire of emotional habitual subjective well-being and questionnaire of life satisfaction. The data obtained in this way were subjected to statistical analysis of x2 test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results. We have found that active sports respondents at a non-professional level compared to passive athletes are more likely to experience a sense of physical freshness and enjoyment. On the other hand, the non-sportsmen are more likely to experience fear and pain. Our findings clearly confirm the correlation coefficients between active sports and the frequency of positive emotions. On the other hand, we found negative correlations in the relationship between active sports and the experience of negative emotions. In the case of a higher level of sports performance, we found significant negative weak to medium close relationships with the frequency of survival of negative emotions, and significant positive moderate relationships were shown by survival of physical freshness, enjoyment and joy. In the case of relationships between top sports and the emotional component of subjective well-being, we found weak to moderate relationships with the enjoyment, guilt and shame. Sports activity leads to increased life satisfaction, which confirmed number of correlations between active non-professional sports and overall life satisfaction. Conclusions. Our research findings have confirmed that physical activity even if in a minimum rate, increases the subjective well-being of adolescents as well as self-satisfaction and contributes to more frequent positive emotions or increased adolescents’ life satisfaction.
3

Does health-oriented training improve cardiovascular parameters of smoking women?

86%
Szmyt A., Podgorski T., Szmyt G., Clark C. C. T., Gorny M. P., Gronek P.
Trends in Sport Sciences
|
2019
|
tom 26
|
nr 1
Nicotine addiction is a serious medical and societal problem; making smoking cigarettes one of the most prevalent contributors to premature death, globally, and any avenue to facilitate smoking cessation is of vital importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6-week health-oriented and/or concentration training programme on cardiovascular parameters and aerobic capacity in 118 young female smokers. This study found that combined health-oriented and concentration training resulted in greater improvements in VO₂max and blood pressure, as compared to concentration training alone; whilst resting values of heart rate (HR) decreased significantly after a 6-week process of aerobic and concentration training. Exercise and concentration training positively influenced smoking cessation and cardiovascular parameters in young females.
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