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Facilitative and competitive interactions between sympatric cattle, red deer and wild boar in Dutch woodland pastures

100%

Kuiters A. T., Groot Bruinderink G. W. T. A., Lammertsma D. R.

Acta Theriologica

2005

tom 50

nr 2

Use of cattle-grazed and ungrazed woodland pastures by red deerCervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 and wild boarSus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 was investigated monthly by measuring dung-deposition rates. CattleBos taurus grazed pastures year-round, with peak intensities during the growing season (May–September). Red deer and wild boar grazed pastures primarily during autumn and winter (October–April) when cattle occupancy was at a minimum. The lower occupancy of cattle in pastures from November to April was interpreted as the result of competition with red deer. Mean sward height in this period fell below 6.5 cm. In autumn and winter a negative relationship was found for red deer and wild boar occupancy with sward height, which indicated that red deer and wild boar preferred swards previously grazed by cattle. At the start of the growing season, when cattle occupancy in the pastures increased, red deer switched their habitat preference and almost totally disappeared from pastures to use alternative feeding grounds. Interpretation of the results lead to the conclusion that facilitative and competitive interactions occurred between sympatric cattle and red deer in woodland pastures, and to some extent also between cattle and wild boar.

Effects of cessation of supplemental feeding on mineral status of red deer Cervus elaphus and wild boar Sus scrofa in The Netherlands

100%

Groot B. G. W. T. A., Lammertsma D. R., Hazebroek E.

Acta Theriologica

2000

tom 45

nr 1

From 1987 till 1997 we studied effects of cessation of supplementary feeding on performance of red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 and wild boar Sus scrofa scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 in the Netherlands. We observed no changes in antler morphology, growth rate and body weight. Recruitment of red deer was unaffected and wild boar recruitment was determined by mast availability. The animals realised adequate dietary protein, energy (except for wild hoar in poor mast winters), potassium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, and manganese levels from the natural diet. The natural diet of juveniles from both species was short in calcium, phosphorus, and sodium; adult red deer realised insufficient sodium intake. In red deer, bone calcium, phosphorus and total mineralisation declined. Potassium concentration in antlers, red deer and wild boar bone increased by a factor 2, 29, and 36 respectively. In both species bone sodium increased by a factor 2. Concentrations of liver and kidney copper, iron and zinc were unaffected. Our findings suggest that red deer from this study, as a consequence of poor mineral availability, are in calcium and phosphorus stress, while both red deer and wild boar are in sodium stress. Future deficiencies may not be excluded.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Theriologica

2 Lammertsma D. R.

1 Groot B. G. W. T. A.

1 Groot Bruinderink G. W. T. A.

1 Hazebroek E.

1 Kuiters A. T.

1 2005

1 2000

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Facilitative and competitive interactions between sympatric cattle, red deer and wild boar in Dutch woodland pastures

Effects of cessation of supplemental feeding on mineral status of red deer Cervus elaphus and wild boar Sus scrofa in The Netherlands