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1

Age-related changes of nasal cavity and conchae volumes and volume fractions in children: a stereological study

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Ertekin T., Degermenci M., Nisari M., Unur E., Coskun A.
Folia Morphologica
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2016
|
tom 75
|
nr 1
Background: The anatomy of the human nasal cavity (NC) is complex and its structures are closely related to the functions of the NC. Studies which assessing the mean volumes of NC and conchae are very infrequent. The purpose of current study is to investigate development of NC and conchae according to age and sex by using stereological method. Materials and methods: This retrospective volumetric study was carried out on 342 individuals (166 females and 176 males) between 0 and 18 years old with no pathological conditions or medical procedures that affected the skeletal morphology of the NC. Volumetric estimations were determined on computed tomography (CT) images using point-counting approach of stereological methods. Results: NC, inferior nasal conchae (INC) and middle nasal conchae (MNC) volume measurements that obtained using point-counting method were increased with age in both sexes until 15 years old. Regardless of gender; no significant difference was determined between the left and right values for NC, conchae volumes and choanae measurements. Generally, significant differences were determined in NC and INC volumes according to gender after they reached maximum growth period. According to age the volume ratios of INC to NC and MNC to NC were ranged from 18% to 32% and 9% to15%, respectively. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that the point-counting method is effective in determining volume estimation of NC and is well suited for CT studies. Our results could provide volumetric indexes for the NC and conchae, which could help the physician for both patient selections for surgery, and for the assessment of any surgical technique used to treatment of nasal obstruction. (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 1: 38–47)
2

The potential teratogenic effects of interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b on in vitro embryonic development

86%
Ucar I., Ertekin T., Nisari M., Ceylan D., Al O., Ulger H.
Folia Morphologica
|
2016
|
tom 75
|
nr 2
Background: Interferon beta (IFNβ) was the first proven drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The diagnosis of MS frequently occurs in women at childbearing age (especially in twenties and thirties). Therefore, the pregnancy process is major concern for many women with MS. Data on women exposed to IFNβ during pregnancy are limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the teratogenic potential of IFNβ on embryonic development via embryo culture technique. Recently, this technique has been often used for determining teratogenic effect of pharmacologic drugs and potential teratogens on embryonic development. Materials and methods: In this study, IFNβ was applied to the culture medium and after 48 h of culture effects of IFNβs (1000 IU/IFNβ-1a and 1000 IU/IFNβ-1b) on embryonic development were morphologically investigated. Results: According to morphologic scoring system, total morphologic score, somite number and protein contents were similar between control group and two experimental groups (p > 0.05). On the other hand, yolk sac diameter, crown-rump length and head length were significantly decreased in two experimental groups compared with control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Consequently, IFNβ-1a and IFNβ-1b, applied to the culture medium, have no macroscopic teratogenic effect on embryonic development. However, in respect of morphometric measurements, IFNβ-1a and IFNβ-1b have caused growth retardation in embryo. This research related to interferon was the first study using vitro embryo culture technique; thus, in our point of view, future studies which will be performed by using different doses of IFN will contribute to the literature. (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 2: 257–263)
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