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A review of the literature concerning recent investigations on the phagocytosis is presented, special attention being paid to the role of macrophages and granulocytes as effector cells in infection caused by some protozoans and helminths.
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Wplyw metali ciezkich na uklad pasozyt-zywiciel

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Now in the time especially intensive development of industry the question of environment pollution became very important. According to review of the problem heavy metals are one of the most hazardous constituents of xenobiotics. Their toxic effects, among other, are manifested directly on the elements of the immune system as well on the modification of the immune response. The influence of heavy metals on the host-parasite system is rather poorly recognized and here we are discused about it, according to literature and own experience. Special attention is paying to their impact on the immune response of infected and treated with lead, cadmium or mercury host and on the parasite. The definitive host eg. fishes and their some parasite can be used as potential accumulation indicators of aquatic environment of heavy metal pollution.
The activity of IgG, IgM and IgE antibodies to somatic antigen of Trichinella spiralis in the sera of patients with trichinellosis at various intervals after infection was examined by means of ELISA. Mathematical analysis of the dose-response curves was used. Elevated level of IgG and IgM antibodies of relatively high avidity and of rather low IgE avidity was documented. Amount or avidity ofIgG antibodies was found to be most useful for the diagnosis of trichinellosis (85% positive results in patients' sera). The isotype of IgM avidity constitutes a better diagnostic value than the amount of it (60% and 35% of positive results, respectively).
The aim of this study was to estimate the development of P. aeruginosa infection in mice infected with T. spiralis or T. pseudospiralis. The investigations were carried out on the following strains of mice: C57B1, C3H and B6C3F1-. 20 days post parasitic infection P. aeruginosa were administrated by inhalation or by intraperitoneal injection. After 4 hrs development of infection in mice was evaluated (the number of bacteria in lung or in the liver tissue were counted by plating). It was found that the bacterial infection developed with the highest rate in C3H mice followed by C57B1/6, in comparison with control mice. In C3H mice infected with T. pseudospiralis, the number of bacteria was higher in lung and liver tissue, in comparison with those infected with T. spiralis. In B6C3F1 hybrid the infection rate was significantly lower after intraperitoneal administration in T. spiralis infected mice. In our experiments, the development of P. aeruginosa infection in mice with trichinellosis was dependent on the strain of mice and the routes of bacteria administration.
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