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1

Indigenous salt-tolerant rhizobacterium Pantoea dispersa (PSB3) reduces sodium uptake and mitigates the effects of salt stress on growth and yield of chickpea

100%
Panwar M., Tewari R., Gulati A., Nayyar H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2016
|
tom 38
|
nr 12
2

Stimulation of enzymes of non-photosynthetic-C4 metabolism in cultured cotton ovules by fluridone

100%
Kaur K., Nayyar H., Basra A. S., Malik C. P.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
1990
|
tom 12
|
nr 1
3

Cross-priming accentuates key biochemical and molecular indicators of defense and improves cold tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

100%
Saini, Adhikary A., Nayyar H., Kumar S.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2019
|
tom 41
|
nr 11
Cold environment favors long vegetative phase but also impose substantial loss by damaging reproductive functioning in chickpea. Field temperature below 10 °C is even more detrimental for reproductive development, enhances floral and pod abortion. In this study, contrasting chickpea varieties PDG3 and GPF2 were exposed to drought, recovered, and subsequently exposed to lethal cold stress ~ 4–5 °C with an aim to induce defense response against cold shock. Physiological, biochemical, and molecular signatures related to damage and defense, i.e., membrane damage, antioxidative enzymes, fatty acid desaturase (CaFAD2.1), and small HSPs (CaHSP18.5 and CaHSP22.7), were analyzed. Drought pretreatment/preconditioning maintained the membrane stability in the cold by managing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. Improved mitochondrial functioning (TTC reduction), increased activity of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) proved better cellular functioning during cold exposure. The expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (CaSOD) were down-regulated in both varieties, but CaCAT, CaAPX, CaGR, and CaFAD2.1 expressions were up-regulated in GPF2. Small heat shock protein CaHSP22.7 was also up-regulated in drought preconditioned PDG3 and GPF2 and after cold shock. Drought pretreatment/preconditioning significantly improved membrane damage during cold exposure, induced antioxidative system, and up-regulated FAD2. This study also pointed the possible role of CaHSP22.7 in cold tolerance and CaHSP18.5 in drought stress. The sensitive variety (GPF2) was positively responsive to preconditioning as this variety showed improvement in defense-related parameters; however, genotypic variations were observed in PDG3.
4

Abscisic acid induces heat tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seedlings by facilitated accumulation of osmoprotectants

100%
Kumar S., Kaushal N., Nayyar H., Gaur P.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
|
tom 34
|
nr 5
The gradual rise of global temperature is of major concern for growth and development of crops. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a heat-sensitive crop and hence experiences damage at its vegetative and reproductive stages. Abscisic acid (ABA), a stress-related hormone, is reported to confer heat tolerance, but its mechanism is not fully known, especially whether it involves osmolytes (such as proline, glycine betaine and trehalose) in its action or not. Osmolytes too have a vital role in saving the plants from injurious effects of heat stress by multiple mechanisms. In the present study, we examined the interactive effects of ABA and osmolytes in chickpea plants grown hydroponically at varying temperatures of 30/25°C (control), 35/30, 40/35 and 45/40°C (as day/night (12 h/12 h)): (a) in the absence of ABA; (b) with ABA; and (c) in the presence of its biosynthetic inhibitor fluridone (FLU). The findings indicated severe growth inhibition at 45/40°C that was associated with drastic reduction in endogenous ABA and osmolytes compared to the unstressed plants suggesting a possible relationship between them. Exogenous application of ABA (2.5 µM) significantly mitigated the seedling growth at 40/35 and 45/40°C, while FLU application intensified the inhibition. The increase in growth by ABA at stressful temperature was associated with enhancement of endogenous levels of ABA and osmolytes, while this was suppressed by FLU. ABA-treated plants experienced much less oxidative damage measured as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents. Exogenous application of proline, glycine betaine and trehalose (10 µM) also promoted the growth in heat-stressed plants and their action was not significantly affected with FLU application, suggesting that these osmolytes function downstream of ABA, mediating partially the protective effect of this hormone.
5

Comparative response of maize and rice genotypes to heat stress: status of oxidative stress and antioxidants

100%
Kumar S., Gupta D., Nayyar H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
|
tom 34
|
nr 1
In the present study, two genotypes each of maize and rice were compared for their response to varying degrees of temperature stress (35/30, 40/35, 45/40°C) with controls growing at 30/25°C. At elevated temperatures of 40/35 and 45/40°C, the rice genotypes were inhibited to a significantly higher extent, especially for their shoot growth compared to maize genotypes. The stress injury measured as damage to membranes, loss of chlorophyll and reduction in leaf water status was significantly higher in rice plants, especially at 45/40°C. The components of oxidative stress particularly the level of malondialdehyde was significantly greater in rice plants while the differences for hydrogen peroxide concentrations were small at 40/35 and 45/40°C. The expression of enzymatic antioxidants like catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase was found to be higher in maize plants compared to rice plants while no variations existed for superoxide dismutase at 45/40°C. In addition, the non-enzymatic antioxidants like ascorbic acid, glutathione and proline were maintained at significantly greater levels at 45/40°C in maize than in rice genotypes. These findings suggested that maize genotypes were able to retain their growth under high-temperature conditions partly due to their superior ability to cope up with oxidative damage by heat stress compared to rice genotypes. Since, maize and rice belong to C₄ and C₃ plant groups, respectively, these observations may also reflect the relative sensitivity of these plant groups to heat stress.
6

Hormonal effects on partitioning of 14C-sucrose in cotton fibres

100%
Basra A. S., Sarlach R. S., Nayyar H., Malik C. P.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
1992
|
tom 14
|
nr 3
7

Alternate mild drought stress (−0.1 MPa PEG) immunizes sensitive chickpea cultivar against lethal chilling by accentuating the defense mechanisms

88%
Kaur S., Jairath A., Singh I., Nayyar H., Kumar S.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2016
|
tom 38
|
nr 08
8

Growth and metabolic responses of contrasting chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes to chilling stress at reproductive phase

64%
Kumar S., Malik J., Thakur P., Kaistha S., Sharma K. D., Upadhyaya H. D., Berger J. D., Nayyar H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2011
|
tom 33
|
nr 3
Chilling stress (<10°C) at reproductive phase of chickpea results in abortion of flowers and pods leading to poor yield. The metabolic causes associated with cold sensitivity of chickpea are not well understood. Hence, in the present study, we evaluated four chickpea genotypes (ICC 16348, ICC 16349, PBG1 and GPF2) having contrasting cold sensitivity for their reproductive growth and metabolism subjected to cold stress (average day temperature: 17.6°C; average night temperature: 4.9°C). Genotypes ICC 16348 and ICC 16349 showed flowering and set pods, while PBG1 and GPF2 failed to do so during the stress conditions indicating the former to be cold tolerant. The stress injury in the leaves such as increase in electrolyte leakage, decrease in chlorophyll content and relative leaf water content was significantly less in ICC 16348 and ICC 16349 genotypes. The analysis of carbohydrates indicated total sugars and starch to be present in greater content in ICC 16348 and ICC 16349 relative to PBG1 and GPF2 genotypes. The enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism such as β-amylase, invertase and sucrose synthase showed significantly higher activity in the leaves of ICC 16348 and ICC 16349 compared to the other two genotypes. PBG1 and GPF2 genotypes experienced greater oxidative stress measured as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. ICCV 16348 and ICC 16349 possessed significantly higher levels of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (proline and ascorbic acid) relative to PBG1 and GPF2. Particularly, proline and ascorbic acid were markedly higher in cold-tolerant genotypes compared to the sensitive ones suggesting their deciding role in governing the cold tolerance.
9

Temperature sensitivity of food legumes: a physiological insight

64%
Bhandari K., Sharma K. D., Rao B. H., Siddique K. H. M., Gaur P., Agrawal S. K., Nair R. M., Nayyar H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2017
|
tom 39
|
nr 03
10

Heat-stress induced inhibition in growth and chlorosis in mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.) is partly mitigated by ascorbic acid application and is related to reduction in oxidative stress

64%
Kumar S., Kaur R., Kaur N., Kaur N., Bhandhari K., Kaushal N., Gupta K., Bains T. S., Nayyar H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2011
|
tom 33
|
nr 6
The rising temperatures (>35°C) are proving detrimental to summer-sown mungbean genotypes that experience inhibition of vegetative and reproductive growth. In the present study, the mungbean plants growing hydroponically at varying temperatures of 30/20°C (control), 35/25, 40/30, and 45/35°C (as day/night 12 h/12 h) with (50 µM) or without ascorbic acid (ASC) were investigated for effects on growth, membrane damage, chlorophyll loss, leaf water status, components of oxidative stress, and antioxidants. The ASC-treated plants showed significant improvement in germination and seedling growth especially at 40/30 and 45/35°C. The damage to membranes, loss of water, decrease in cellular respiration, and chlorophyll were significantly prevented by ASC treatment to plants growing at these temperatures. The oxidative stress measured as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content was observed to be significantly lower at high temperatures with ASC application. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase increased at 40/30°C but decreased at 45/35°C in the absence of ASC while with its application, the activities of these enzymes were appreciably resorted. Among all the antioxidants, the endogenous ASC content decreased to the greatest extent at 45/35°C grown plants indicating its vital role in affecting the response of mungbean to heat stress. Exogenously applied ASC raised its endogenous content along with that of glutathione and proline at 45/35°C. The findings indicated that heat stress-induced inhibition in growth and chlorosis was associated with decrease in leaf water status and elevation of oxidative stress, which could partly be prevented by exogenous application of ASC. Its role in imparting protection against heat stress is discussed.
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