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A new species of parasitic nematode, Philometra mexicana sp. nov. (Philometridae), is described based on males and females parasitizing the gonads of the marine perciform fish (rock hind) Epinephelus adscensionis (Osbeck) (Serranidae) off the coast of the southern Gulf of Mexico (reefs of the Enmedio Island, Veracruz), Mexico, collected on 10 April 1990. The new species is characterized mainly by very small males (body length 1.63–1.86 mm) with equally long, needle-like spicules (length 90–120 μm) and the gubernaculum (57–66 μm) without the usual dorsal barb on the distal end, the body length of gravid females (178–230 mm), the presence of a well-developed anterior bulbous inflation on the female oesophagus, and by the length of the first-stage larvae (420–435 μm). A comparison with other congeners parasitizing the gonads of marine fishes is provided. The cephalic end of the gravid female of Philometra margolisi Moravec, Vidal-Martínez et Aguirre-Macedo, 1995, another related species from the gonads of Epinephelus [E. morio (Valenciennes)] in Mexico, has been studied by SEM for the first time; it confirms the arrangement of the cephalic papillae as reported in the original species description. Philometra mexicana is the fifth species of Philometra reported from the gonads of marine fishes in the West Atlantic region.
A new species of parasitic nematode, Spinitectus tabascoensis sp. nov., is described based on museum specimens recovered from the intestine of the blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus (Valenciennes) from the upper reaches of the Usumacinta River near Tenosique, Tabasco, southeastern Mexico. The new species is characterized mainly by markedly long cuticular spines and their arrangement, the situation of the excretory pore between the 6th and 7th rings of spines, the length of the left spicule (213 µm), and the number and arrangement of caudal papillae in the male. This is the fifth species of Spinitectus reported from freshwater and migratory fishes in Mexico.
A new nematode, Paracapillaroides agonostomi gen. et sp. n., is described from the stomach and the intestine of the mugilid Agonostomus monticola (Bancroft) from the Cuitzmala River (the Pacific Ocean basin), State of Jalisco, Mexico. This capillariid species represents a new genus similar to Paracapillaria Mendonça, 1963, differing from it substantially in the structure of the spicular sheath that is formed by two distinct parts, a broader and much shorter spinose proximal part and a narrower, very long aspinose distal part. Another capillariid, Paracapillaria teixeirafreitasi pacifica subsp. n. is described from the intestine of eleotrids Gobiomorus polylepis Ginsburg (type host) and G. maculatus (Günther) from the same locality (Cuitzmala River, Jalisco). This subspecies is differentiated from P. teixeirafreitasi teixeirafreitasi (G. Caballero, 1971) by the absence of a pair of minute preanal papillae, by a considerably longer spicule (0.261-0.501 mm), a distinctly thicker egg wall, and by the geographical distribution (Pacific Ocean basin). P. teixeirafreitasi teixeirafreitasi is briefly described from specimens collected from Gobiomorus dormitor Lacépède from the Tecolutla River, Veracruz, Mexico.
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