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Effects of ketamine, propofol, and ketofol on proinflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress in a rat model of endotoxemia - induced acute lung injury

100%

Gokcinar D., Ergin V., Cumaoglu A., Menevse A., Aricioglu A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

2013

tom 60

nr 3

Intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to acute lung injury (ALI) in rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of ketamine, propofol, and ketofol in a rat model of ALI. We induced ALI in rats via intravenous injection of LPS (15 mg kg-1). The animals were randomly separated into five groups: control, LPS only, LPS + ketamine (10 mg·kg-1·h-1), LPS + propofol (10 mg·kg-1·h-1), LPS + ketofol (5 mg·kg-1·h-1 ketamine + 5 mg·kg-1·h-1 propofol). LPS resulted in an increase in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, mRNA expression related with inflammation, production of nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation. Ketamine prevented the increase in markers of oxidative stress and inflammation mediators, both in plasma and lung tissue. Propofol decreased the levels of cytokines in plasma and lung tissue, whereas it had no effect on the IL-1-beta level in lung tissue. Ketamine downregulated mediators of lung tissue inflammation and reduced the level of circulating cytokines and protected lung tissue against lipid peroxidation. Ketofol decreased the level of TNF-α and IL-1β in plasma, as well as expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and the nitrate/nitrite level in lung tissue. The results of this investigation support the hypothesis that ketamine may be effective in preventing ALI.

Effects of olive leaf polyphenols against H2O2 toxicity in insulin secreting β-cells

86%

Cumaoglu A., Rackova L., Stefek M., Kartal M., Maechler P., Karasu C.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

2011

tom 58

nr 1

In pancreatic β-cells, although H2O2 is a metabolic signal for glucose stimulated insulin secretion, it may induce injury in the presence of increased oxidative stress (OS) as in the case of diabetic chronic hyperglycemia. Olea europea L. (olive) leaves contain polyphenolic compounds that may protect insulin-secreting cells against OS. The major polyphenolic compound in ethanolic olive leaf extract (OLE) is oleuropein (about 20 %), thus we compared the effects of OLE with the effects of standard oleuropein on INS-1 cells. The cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of OLE or oleuropein for 24 h followed by exposure to H2O2 (0.035 mM) for 45 min. H2O2 alone resulted in a significantly decreased viability (MTT assay), depressed glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, increased apoptotic and necrotic cell death (AO/EB staining), inhibited glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) and stimulated catalase activity that were associated with increased intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (fluorescence DCF). OLE and oleuropein partly improved the viability, attenuated necrotic and apoptotic death, inhibited the ROS generation and improved insulin secretion in H2O2-exposed cells. The effects of oleuropein on insulin secretion were more pronounced than those of OLE, while OLE exerted a stronger anti-cytotoxic effect than oleuropein. Unlike OLE, oleuropein had no significant preserving effect on GPx; however, both compounds stimulated the activity of catalase in H2O2-exposed cells. These findings indicate different modulatory roles of polyphenolic constituents of olive leaves on redox homeostasis that may have a role in the maintenance of β-cell physiology against OS.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Biochimica Polonica

2 Cumaoglu A.

1 Aricioglu A.

1 Ergin V.

1 Gokcinar D.

1 Karasu C.

1 Kartal M.

1 Maechler P.

1 Menevse A.

1 Rackova L.

1 Stefek M.

1 2013

1 2011

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Effects of ketamine, propofol, and ketofol on proinflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress in a rat model of endotoxemia - induced acute lung injury

Effects of olive leaf polyphenols against H2O2 toxicity in insulin secreting β-cells