To investigate the role of Toxoplasma gondii in abortion of ewes in Ahvaz, South-West Iran, a commercial ELISA kit and a modified agglutination test (MAT) were used for the detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in ewes. Out of 150 examined ewes, 100 of them had recently aborted and 50 did not have any abortion history. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected in 109 (72.6%) ewes by ELISA and in 104 (69.3%) ewes by MAT. Seropositivity in the group with abortion history was 85% by ELISA and 80% by MAT and in the group with no abortion history was 58%, by both ELISA and MAT. Good correlation was seen between the ELISA and MAT results. The results suggested that the ELISA and MAT were good tools for epidemiological studies of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep. Toxoplasma gondii may play an important role in ewe's abortion in Ahvaz.
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