In the spring of 2009, 82 winter hive debris samples were collected from 17 bee yards in a commercial apiary. The weight of winter hive debris ranged from 57.1 g to 122.8 g, and it comprised from 610 to 1298 bees with average individual weight of 82.3-91.5 mg. Wax debris had a varied share of the total weight of hive debris. The lowest weight of wax debris was observed in colonies infested with both pathogens - Nosema apis and Varroa destructor (10.7%), and the highest - in colonies affected only by varroosis (21.2%). The number of V. destructor females observed in hive debris reached 16.6-16.9, and the number of pollen grains in the intestine observed in a microscopic field of view (400x) ranged from 8.1 (colonies infested with Nosema apis) to 11.1 (colonies infested with Nosema apis and V. destructor). Parasites were not found in 26 (31.7%) of the studied hive debris samples, V. destructor females were noted in 9 (11%) samples, N. apis spores were observed in 28 (43.1%) samples, and both parasites were detected in 19 samples (23.2%).
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