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The geodynamics ef explosion are based on the fundamentaltheses of continuous media mechanics in connection with the regularity of the creation of initial explosion impulse parameters. Various practical problems of dynamics of brittle, plastic, loose, and water parmeated media are studied based on this principle. Regularities of bursting, compacting, and movement of land and rock by dynamic action of the energy of explosion are determined in the program of application of various technologies of earth works in land improvement and agricultural construction. This makes possible prognoses of physical mechanics changes and filtration properties of land and rock. This phenomenon can be used for technical objectives (in construction and reconstruction of earth works, in work performed in order to lower settling and filtration properties, in constructing water saturated screens, etc.). Based on practical knowledge, it was determined that under the influence of explosions a large zone of increased density is created in the surrounding land massif. Filtration is lowered in this zone 12 to 16 times, as compared to machine constructed channel beds. The above not only increases water economy, but also prevents swampiness and salinity of land, which in turn is very important for economic reasons. High technical and economic effectiveness of explosive methods of elimination of settling properties of loess land reaches 5 rubles per square meter of built up land.
Explosive methods of excavation in land improvement construction allow two or three times shorter construction time, increase of productivity, and ensures shortening of land reclamation one and a haft to two times. The economic effect of using these methods varies between 80 and 170 rubles per hectare of land being irrigated. Technologies of channel and trench construction by explosion, using chamber charges, or conducted in large diameter bores and trenches are discussed. Computed engineering relationships between charge parameters and parameters of earth work created by its explosion are also given. Data regarding results of practical use of explosion energy in construction of various hydrologic land reclamation facilities and principal technical and economic indices are quoted. Analysis of this data indicates that intensification of construction using explosion technologies ensures foremost the increase of construction speed, application of production capacities, and shortens the time that the investment capital is tied up. These methods are much more effective with respect to ecology, since they prevent (or, at least, considerably lower) swampiness and salinity of land in channel zones, simultaneously lowering physical water loss. In many cases a combined procedure (explosion and mechanical) of excavation may prove most effective. Economic effectiveness of explosion works increases with the increase in depth of constructed hydrologic installations.
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