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The chemical composition and physical traits (selected) of milk, and fatty acid profile of milk fat were determined throughout the progress of lactation II in 20 Polish White Improved goats. From October to May goats were fed corn silage, hay and carrot ad lib., concentrate according to their milk yield, with mineral and vitamin premix, chalk and NaCl. From June to September hay was substituted by fresh grass. The diets were balanced according to INRA feeding standards. Milk samples were taken from each goat on lactation day 60, 120 and 200 (lactation stage 1, 2 and 3, respectively). With the progress of lactation highly favourable changes took place in the most desirable monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids content of a total of fatty acids. The coefficients of the calculated Pearson’s correlation showed that the concentration of MUFA and PUFA (including conjugated linoleic acid – CLA) which are most desirable from the nutritive point of view, is negatively correlated with the daily milk yield.
Cytogenetic, hormonal, histological and semen quality examinations were performed in two unrelated male goats with developed udders (gynaecomastia). The bucks were neither stimulated for lactation nor milked. The progressive enlargement of the udder was observed between first and second breeding season (10-22 months). Karyotyping showed normal males. Plasma testosterone levels were within the range noted for normal bucks. Plasma concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone, FSH and LH were high, but comparable to normal bucks. Structure of the mammary glands was similar to that found in females. The quality parameters of semen of goats with gynaecomastia was comparable to that considered common for the species.
Investigated were changes in selected redox parameters – vitamin C, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) content of goat blood plasma – as markers of oxidative stress after per os administration the N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Used were 20 Polish White Improved goats, selected from the flock of 60 animals. Within the selected goats distinguished were four groups according to somatic cell counts (SCC) of milk: group I – below 1×106, group II – 1×106-2×106, group III – 2×106-4×106 and group IV – above 4×106/ml. Concentrations of GSH, MDA and vitamin C of blond plasma were assessed just at start of the experiment and then after 7 days of daily administration of 12 mg NAC per kg body weight to goats. After 7 days of administering NAC to goats the plasma concentration of both MDA and GSH dropped and that of vitamin C increased. It is concluded that NAC administered per os increases the anti-oxidant capacity and may reduce the content of lipid peroxidation products in blood plasma of milking goats.
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