In Slovakia the agricultural use of the landscape represents 50% of the total area. Over last 100 years it has undergone many forms of development that has been reflected in its spatial and area structure. The landscape structure depends on intensification forms of the landscape use and the ownership relations. The changes in agricultural land are visible and differentiated in the period before and after the collectivization in the fifties of the 20th century. In this paper the landscape ecological structure is evaluated for three geoecological landscape types: lowland, basin and sub mountain. The lowland landscape type is ecologically most labile with average size of the agricultural land units of 50-250 ha where the woody vegetation constitutes only 2.0%. Many rare biotopes were removed from this type of the landscape and it is a relatively dry and ecologically unstable landscape. South slopes of the Malé Karpaty (The Low Carpathians) and Štiavnické vrchy (The Štiavnické Mountains) with a various mosaic of dominant vineyards, orchards, and elements of natural woody vegetation represent other evaluated, sub mountain landscape type. This type of the landscape is generally stabile and creates a characteristic landscape image of a high cultural and aesthetic value.
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