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Bioaccumulation of nickel and the effect of nickel on the iron level in the tissues and organs of wels catfish, Silurus glanis L. were studied in the course of the present work. A number of blood parameters were determined e.g. erythrocyte count (RBC), leukocyte count (WBC), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit value (Ht), and erythrocyte indices (MCH, MCV, MCHC) were calculated. On stained blood smears erythrocytes and leukocytes were differentiated. Effect of nickel on the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood serum was studied.
Effects of nickel, administered as aqueous solutions of nickel (II) nitrate (V), on European catfish, Silurus glanis L. were studied. The fish were at first exposed for 24 h (short-term exposure). The results obtained during the short-term exposure were used to determine the amount of nickel to be used during a 60-d (long-term) exposure. A significant effect of nickel on the distribution of zinc and copper in the fish blood and organs was found. The changes may have produced disturbed metabolism of the microelements under study during biochemical and energetic processes in the fish. Neither the short- nor the long-term exposure of the fish to nickel resulted in a significant accumulation of the metal in muscles; nor were changes in the microelement concentration in muscles observed.
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A total of 136 fishes, representing 9 species (perch, Perca fluviatilis L.; pike, Esox lucius L.; European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.); common bream, Abramis brama (L.); roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.); tench Tinca tinca (L.); European whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (L.); vendace, Coregonus albula (L.); and zander, Sander lucioperca (L.)), from Lake Miedwie were studied within 1997-1999. The necropsies yielded 41 parasite species (taxa). The most diversified were parasite faunas of pike (19 parasite species) and perch (16 species) The parasites found represented 13 higher taxa: Monera, Fungi, Protista, Myxozoa, Monogenea, Cestoda, Digeoea, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, Branchiura, Copepoda, Mollusca, and Acarina. The parasites affecting fishes of Lake Miedwie exbibited diversified host-specificity. The most fish species were infectcd by metacercariae of Diplostomum spp. (8 fish species) and Tylodelphys clavata (1). Three fish species harboured: Ichthyocotylurus platycephalus, Ergasilus sieboldi, and glochidia Unionidae gen. sp. white Dermocystidium sp., Trichodinella epizootica, Henneguya psorospermica, Triaenophorus nodulosus, Posthodiplostomum cuticula, and Camallanus lacustris parasitised two host species. The remaining parasites were found in single fish species.
Background. The hitherto published records of the parasite fauna of Baltic cod, Gadus morhua callarias cover commercially-caught adult fish. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of the parasite fauna of young Baltic cod, the relevant infection parameters and to relate those data to published records on the diet of cod. Materials and Methods. This survey was carried out on 154 young cod, caught in May and June 2002 in the Gulf of Puck, the Baltic Sea, Poland. The fish were examined using standard methods applied in parasitology. Results. No external parasites were found. In the digestive tracts of 58 cod, 3 species of parasites belonging to 2 higher taxa (Nematoda and Acanthocephala) were found. The dominant parasite was Echinorhynchus gadi Zoega in Müller, 1776. The mean abundance ranged from 0.15 to 2.75. The prevalence ranged from 14.6%, in the smallest fish, to 66.7% in the larger ones. Only two acanthocephalan specimens of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) and five nematode larvae of Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) were found. Conclusion. The parasite fauna of young Baltic cod is significantly sparser than in larger fish examined by other authors. It is suggested that the occurrence of the species found, can be related to the composition of diet available.
The study focused on the eel (length and weight averaging 23.1 cm and 13.7 g, respectively) ascending Pomeranian rivers in summers of 1999-2003. The swim bladder was examined in 322 individuals, the intestine being examined in 272 fish. Anguillicola crassus was present in the swim bladder of 184 fish. Infection prevalence varied between the rivers, the highest prevalence being recorded in the eel caught in the Radew (65.6%) and the lowest in the Wieprza (41.7%). The intensity of infection was generally low, the mean values varying from 2. l in the Rega to 1.3 in the Wieprza. The coefficient of infection was low (0,11 to 0,12). Spinitectus-inermis was present, with low intensity, in the intestine of 18 fish (6.6%). The nematode had not been recorded in the eel in Poland for 70 years. In addition, the intestine of the eel under study was found to house Raphidascaris acus and Paraquimperia tennerima, each present as a single larva. This is the first record of the latter in Poland. The infection of eel from the Radew river that stayed in the fresh water for a longer time was higher than that of the eel found in the Rega and Wieprza.
Background. Monogenean parasites Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and P.bini were for the first time recorded on eel in 1995. The aim of the present study was to determine their distribution in Poland and to verify their measurements against literature data. Materials and Methods. A total of 201 young eels ascending rivers of Polish Western Pomerania, emptying to the Baltic Sea, were collected and necropsied using commonly used methods. Results. Altogether, 574 monogeneans were found on the gills of the eels studied, of which P. anguillae constituted 82%. Measurements of hard elements of the two species of parasites were similar to those already described from Poland. Conclusion. The present paper constitutes a new record of Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and P. bini, supported by measurements.
Pomeranian Bay as an ecotone is a transition zone between two different biocenoses, which is characterized by an increase in biodiversity and species density. Therefore, Pomeranian Bay is a destination of finding and reproductive migrations of fish from the rivers entered the area. The aim of the study was to compare parasitic fauna of two predatory fish species from the Pomeranian Bay, collected from the same fishing grounds at the same period. A total of 126 fish studied (53 perches and 73 zanders) were collected in the summer 2013. Parasitological examinations included: skin, fins, gills, vitreous humour and lens of the eye, mouth cavity, body cavity and internal organs. Apart from the prevalence and intensity of infection (mean, range) the parasite communities of both fish species were compared. European perch and zander were infected with parasites from five different taxonomic units. The most numerous parasites were Diplostomum spp. in European perch and Bucephalus polymorphus in zander. The prevalence of infection of European perch ranged from 5.7% (Diphyllobothrium latum) to 22.3% (Diplostomum spp.) and for zander from 1.4% (Ancyrocephalus paradoxus, Hysterothylacium aduncum) to 12.3% (Bucephalus polymorphus). Different composition of the parasitic fauna is likely due to the different biology of both fish species.
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