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Ganglioside GM1 reduces white matter damage in neonatal rats

100%

Rong X., Zhou W., Chen X.-W., Tao L., Tang J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2013

tom 73

nr 3

This study investigated the neuronal protective effect of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) on the hypoxia-ischemia white matter damage (WMD) in neonatal rats. Brain hypoxia-ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion in 4-day-old neonatal rats. Bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) was performed in rats in WMD and GM1 groups, while in sham group; the rat bilateral carotid arteries were merely exposed without occlusion. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and P-amyloid precursor protein (P-APP). In addition, suspension test, slope test, and open-field test were carried out on day 26 after BCAO to determine the neurobehavioral function. The percentage of MBP-positive cells was decreased while P-APP-and GFAP- positive cells were increased in WMD group. After treated with GM1, the percentage of MBP-positive cells increased significantly than WMD rats at post-operation 72 h and day 7. GFAP-positive cells and P-APP-positive cells decreased significantly in WMD group at post-operation 72 h, day 7 and 26. The suspension test, slope test, and open-field test showed that neurobehavioral function was improved in ganglioside GM1 group compared with WMD group. Taken together, our findings suggested that ganglioside GM1 treatment reduces hypoxia-ischemia induced impairment of the neurobehavioral function in WMD in neonatal rats.

Nitrate reutilization mechanisms in the tonoplast of two Brassica napus genotypes with different nitrogen use efficiency

72%

Han Y., Liao Q., Yu Y., Song H., Liu Q., Rong X., Gu J., Lepo J. E., Guan C., Zhang Z.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2015

tom 37

nr 02

Nitrate (NO3¯) can accumulate in high concentrations in plant cell vacuoles if it is not reduced, reutilized or transported into the cytoplasm. Such accumulation of NO3¯ in the vacuole occurs when mechanisms for NO3¯ assimilation in the cytoplasm are saturated. Moreover, other processes such as efflux across the plasma membrane might affect NO3¯ accumulation in the vacuole. These are the main reasons limiting nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants. This study elucidates mechanisms for NO3¯ transport from the cytoplasm to vacuoles by the V-proton pump (V-ATPase and V-PPase) and their relationship with different NUE in four Brassica napus genotypes. Pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse under normal (15.0 mmol L-1) and limited N (7.5 mmol L-1) concentrations of nitrate using B. napus genotypes that demonstrated either high (742 and Xiangyou 15) or low (814 and H8) NUE (g g-1). Specific inhibitors of V-ATPase and V-PPase increased nitrate reductase (NR) activity, resulting in greatly decreased NO3¯ in plant tissues. Nitrate reductase activity and NO3¯ content correlated more highly to V-PPase activity than they did to V-ATPase activity, and correlation between V-PPase activity and NO3¯ content was significantly higher than it was to V-ATPase. Genotypes with high NUE had significantly lower activities of V-ATPase and V-PPase than those with low NUE. In the high-NUE plants, lower activities of V-proton pump underlie mechanisms that result in significantly lower NO3¯ content in plant tissues of the high-NUE genotypes than those found in plant tissues of the low-NUE genotypes. Our results show that the tonoplast proton pumps V-PPase and V-ATPase strongly negatively affect NR activity and positively affect NO3¯ content. V-PPase contributed more to this regulatory mechanism than did V-ATPase.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

1 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2 Rong X.

1 Chen X.-W.

1 Gu J.

1 Guan C.

1 Han Y.

1 Lepo J. E.

1 Liao Q.

1 Liu Q.

1 Song H.

1 Tang J.

1 Tao L.

1 Yu Y.

1 Zhang Z.

1 Zhou W.

1 2015

1 2013

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Ganglioside GM1 reduces white matter damage in neonatal rats

Nitrate reutilization mechanisms in the tonoplast of two Brassica napus genotypes with different nitrogen use efficiency