Significant attention was paid in all developed countries to the agriculture until the seventies of the last century. It was due to the food deficiency in the post-war period. The period of the intensive agriculture production in the former Czechoslovakia lasted longer, due to the necessity of the high self-sufficiency in food feed and raw materials, produced in the agriculture in the closed system of the socialistic economy. The care for agriculture and soils caused in all countries the boom — golden era of soil science. Not only the basic research aimed at the problems of soil productivity, but especially the soil survey and interpretation of soil maps for agricultural practice was in progress. More sophisticated methods in soil mapping were reflected in the assessment of the soil cover heterogeneity, which is the basis of the regional application of the use and cultivation of agricultural lands. The mentioned concepts have not been developed in the survey of forest soils and natural grasslands because the attention is focused mort the characterization of the soil condition of the forest types or phytocenoses then of soil mapping. This causes some inconsistence in the classification of soils with different uses. In this way the conditions for the unification of the classification of both agricultural and forest soil and the CIS have been created. After the boom of the support of agriculture and pedology, aimed at the rising of the production and soil productivity passed, the production has been champed and pedology has been oriented especially on environmental functions of soils.