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1
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The pulmonary involvement in Theileria lestoquardi naturally infected sheep

100%
El Imam A. H., Hassan S. M., Gameel A. A., El Hussein A. M., Taha K. M.
Annals of Parasitology
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2016
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tom 62
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nr 1
Malignant Ovine Theileriosis (MOT) caused by Theileria lestoquardi is considered a major constraint for sheep production in many areas of the world including Sudan. Pulmonary oedema is thought to be the main cause of animal death, but the mechanism, the cell types involved and/or the probable cause of this pneumonia has yet to be defined. The present study was carried out to investigate the pulmonary involvement post T. lestoquardi infection and to identify the cell types involved in pneumonia. Apparently healthy sheep were exposed to ticks challenge in T. lestoquardi endemic area. Lungs impression smears and tissue sections for histopathology were processed. At necropsy, fifteen infected sheep revealed severe pneumonia associated with oedema and accumulation of creamygrayish frothy exudates. The microscopic findings of examined lungs showed emphysema, congestion, collapse and proliferation of immense amount of different kinds of cells. The current study indicates that T. lestoquardi infections are accompanied with remarkable pulmonary involvements and may lead to respiratory failure and death.
2
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Molecular identification of different Theileria and Babesia species infecting sheep in Sudan

86%
El Imam A. E., Hassan S. M., Gameel A. A., El Hussein A. M., Taha K. M., Oosthuizen M. C.
Annals of Parasitology
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2016
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tom 62
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nr 1
The epidemiological aspects of sheep piroplasmosis in Sudan are poorly studied, and further investigations using sensitive and precise techniques are required. In this study, the Reverse Line Blot (RLB) hybridization assay was used to detect and simultaneously differentiate between Theileria and Babesia species. DNA was extracted from blood collected on filter paper (n=219) from apparently healthy sheep from six different geographical localities in Sudan. Results indicated that Theileria ovis (88.6%), T. separata (20.1%), T. lestoquardi (16.4%) and T. annulata (16.4%) DNA could be detected in the blood samples. Single and mixed Theileria infections were detected in 74 (33.8%) and 124 (56.6%) respectively and T. ovis being the most prevalent species in the country. T. ovis and T. separata were reported for the first time in sheep in Sudan.
3

Vitality and implication of natural products from Viburnum Grandiflorum: an eco-friendly approach

72%
Suleman M., Nouren S., Hassan S. M., Faiz A. H., Sahr G. A., Soomro G. A., Tahir M. A., Iqbal M., Nazir A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2018
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tom 27
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nr 3
In this study we screened Viburnum grandiflorum for bioactive secondary metabolites and biological activity. Secondary metabolites were detected by phytochemical tests, and biological activity was confirmed through antimicrobial and anti-oxidant assays. Phytochemical screening (alkaloidal, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, and glycosides) was performed with methanol, and aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts. Antibacterial activity against four bacterial strains — staphylococcus auries, Escherichia Coli, Bacillus subtillus, and salmonella typhi – were measured. Methanolic extract showed maximum inhibitory activity with diameter of zone of inhibition (11.66 mm), followed by n-hexane extract (9.33 mm) and then ethyl acetate extract. Four different fungi (Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Stachybotrys chartarum) were also tested against plant stem extract using different solvents. Dimethyl sulfoxide extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition at 20 mg/ml. Anti-oxidant activity of stem extract of Viburnum grandiflorum was evaluated by 1, 1-diphenyl- 2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). Then we measured absorbance, and percentage activity at each concentration was found for three solvent extracts to get Ic50 values. These data support Viburnum grandiflorum as having enough potential to be used safely as an antimicrobial drug.
4

Estimating total phenolics in Taraxacum officinale (L.) extracts

59%
Khan A. S., Arif K., Munir B., Kiran S., Jalal F., Qureshi N., Hassan S. M., Soomro G. A., Nazir A., Ghaffar A., Tahir M. A., Iqbal M.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2019
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tom 28
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nr 1
This study focuses on evaluating total phenolic contents (TPC) in Taraxacum officinale (L.), a member of the family Asteraceae (compositae). The TPC were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and gallic acid was taken as standard. The amount of phenolics was communicated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The TPC varied from 41.47 mg/g to 691.6 mg/g in the Taraxacum officinale (L.) extracts. The maximum phenolic contents were found in hydro-alcoholic extract (691.6 mg/g GAE) in comparison with aqueous extract. These extracts have a significant role as antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.
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