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Neophytic Coripsermum pallasii (Stev.) (Chenopodiaceae) invading migrating dunes of the Southern coast of the Baltic Sea

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Dolnik C., Peyrat J., Volodina A., Sokolov A.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2011
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tom 59
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nr 1
Actively migrating dunes along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea have a very specific vegetation of annual pioneer plants, some of which are endemic to that area. This vegetation type was studied on the migrating dunes of the Łeba Bar (Poland) and the Curonian Spit (Russia and Lithuania) and is for the first time represented by 18 vegetation releves according to the Braun-Blanquet approach. Typical plants on bare soil of active migrating dunes and sand fields in Baltic dunes are the endemics Corispermum intermedium (Chenopodiaceae), Cakile maritima subsp. baltica (Brassicaceae), and Linaria loeselii (Scrophulariaceae). A comparison of our field investigations with literature records revealed a gradual replacement of C. intermedium by the neophytic Siberian bugseed Corispermum pallasii (syn. C. leptopterum). C. intermedium suffered from severe habitat loss by dune afforestation, while the ruderal weed C. pallasii expanded its distribution range in the 20th century to various open gravel and sand fields in Europe, including dunes of the Baltic coast. New concepts of coastal conservation management, including aspects of coastal dynamics and nature conservation of endemic species, should be applied to conserve the remaining populations of C. intermedium.
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The role of the spatial resolution of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model for marine transport risk assessment

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Andrejev O., Soomere T., Sokolov A., Myrberg K.
Oceanologia
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2011
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tom 53
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nr (1-TI)
The paper addresses the sensitivity of a novel method for quantifying the environmental risks associated with the current-driven transport of adverse impacts released from offshore sources (e.g. ship traffic) with respect to the spatial resolution of the underlying hydrodynamic model. The risk is evaluated as the probability of particles released in different sea areas hitting the coast and in terms of the time after which the hit occurs (particle age) on the basis of a statistical analysis of large sets of 10-day long Lagrangian trajectories calculated for 1987–1991 for the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea. The relevant 2D maps are calculated using the OAAS model with spatial resolutions of 2, 1 and 0.5 nautical miles (nm) and with identical initial, boundary and forcing conditions from the Rossby Centre 3D hydrodynamic model (RCO, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute). The spatially averaged values of the probability and particle age display hardly any dependence on the resolution. They both reach almost identical stationary levels (0.67–0.69 and ca 5.3 days respectively) after a few years of simulations. Also, the spatial distributions of the relevant fields are qualitatively similar for all resolutions. In contrast, the optimum locations for fairways depend substantially on the resolution, whereas the results for the 2 nm model differ considerably from those obtained using finer-resolutionmodels. It is concluded that eddy-permitting models with a grid step exceeding half the local baroclinic Rossby radius are suitable for a quick check of whether or not any potential gain from this method is feasible, whereas higher-resolution simulations with eddy-resolving models are necessary for detailed planning. The asymptotic values of the average probability and particle age are suggested as an indicator of the potential gain from the method in question and also as a new measure of the vulnerability of the nearshore of water bodies to offshore traffic accidents.
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