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Изготовили вакцины, содержащие вирус фиброматоза и аттенюированные вирус миксоматоза. По исследовании их яловости, безвредности для кроликов, титра (в культуре клеток почки кролика RK₁₃ или на коже кроликов), а также эффективности методом экспериментальной инфекции, препатары использовали для вакцинации кроликов в районах появления миксоматоза. Обе вакцины были безвредны. Зато результаты как лабораторных исследований, так и местных наблюдений, выполненных на свыше 65 тыс. кроликов, указывали на явно высшую эффективнось вакцины, содержащей аттенюированный вирус миксоматоза. В дополнительных исследованиях безопастности этой вакцины не отметили появления трансмиссии вируса с вакцинированных кроликов на невакцинированных, а также реверсии вирулентности по выполнении 10 пассажей на животных, получавших ацетат кортизона в качестве иммуносупрессора.
The infection of dogs with distemper virus (CDV), adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1) and parvovirus (CPV) is still being diagnosed by practitioners, even in vaccinated dogs. Laboratory techniques used for the isolation and identification of these viruses are usually time consuming and often their accuracy is not satisfactory. The presented studies concentrated on the adaptation of PLA (Peroxidase Linked Assay) for the evaluation of CDV, CAV-1 and CPV replication in tissue cultures. Comparable studies on titration of viruses tested on the basis of cytopathic effects and results of PLA revealed that the titre of CDV and CPV evaluated by CPE was lower than calculated using PLA. The difference was equal to 0.6 log for CDV and 0.7 log CPV. These results confirm four to five-fold higher sensitivity of PLA. Titre of adenovirus type 1 measured by both methods did not demonstrate significant differences which can be explained by production of regular and characteristic CPE and rapid spread of cell destruction. Results of PLA revealed that the expression of viral antigens takes place between 18 and 24 hours after cell inoculation, whereas the first cytopathic effect was visible after 48-96 hours. The repeatability of results obtained by PLA was significantly higher with p<0.05 than titration of viruses on the bases of CPE in the case of CAV-1 and CDV. The presented results confirm the high sensitivity and specificity of PLA, which could be widely used in studies on CDV, CAV-1 and CPV.
Neorickettsia helminthoeca is the etiological agent of „salmon poisoning disease”. The fluke - Nanophyetus salmincola - is a vector for neorickettsia which requires three hosts for the completion of its life cycle. The first intermediate host is a stream snail - Oxytrema silicula. Fish are the second host in which cercariae encyst. The definitive hosts are fish-eating mammals such as dog, raccoon, mink or skunk. The disease is usually fatal for dogs. Infected animals develop fever, anorexia, vomiting and diarrhea. Death usually occurs 10 to 14 days after the onset of the first symptoms of the disease.
Reproductive losses in fur animal farms in Poland caused by parvovirus infections indicated the necessity to develop effective immunopreparates. During 1993-1994 experimental vaccines for foxes and minks were prepared. They contained inactivated and attenuated parvoviruses of cats (strain FPV-FA1) and minks (strain MEV-143). Viruses were propagated in a permanent cell line of feline lungs. Safety and immunological activity of experimental vaccines, as well as commercial vaccines used for dogs and cats in Poland, were estimated. Additionally, vaccines containing inactivated mink enteritis virus used in Scandinavia for the immunization of foxes and minks were included in the experiment. The activity of vaccines was estimated on the basis of parvoviral antibody levels in vaccinated animals. An experimental vaccine containing strain MEV-143 was the most effective, even 1/5-th of the dose induced specific antibodies. Comparable results were obtained when reference vaccines containing inactivated mink enteritis virus were used. Full protection in vaccinated foxes was developed 28 days after vaccination. The obtained results were the basis for large scale field experiments carried out in Poland during 1994/95.
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