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1

Allelopathic effect of Nepeta meyeri Benth. extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of some crop plants

100%
Mutlu S., Atici O.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2009
|
tom 31
|
nr 1
In order to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Nepeta meyeri Benth., the effects of aqueous extracts (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5%) prepared from roots and leaves of N. meyeri were studied on the seed germination and seedling growth of several economically important crops (barley, wheat, canola, safflower, and sunflower). Both the root and leaf extracts of N. meyeri caused a general phytotoxic effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of barley and sunflower at all concentrations. However, both the root and leaf extracts significantly increased the seedling growth of wheat, especially at the lower concentrations 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5%, whereas the higher concentrations had a neutral effect. The seed germination and the seedling growth of canola and safflower were also generally improved by both extracts, especially at lower concentrations. However, these advantages were not observed at higher concentrations, at which the extracts mostly had a phytotoxic effect on canola and safflower. The Allelopathic activity of N. meyeri depended on whether the extract was derived from the leaf or root parts of the plant. The maximum allelopathic effect occurred with leaf extracts. The results demonstrate that the aqueous extracts from N. meyeri have allelopathic potential and should be evaluated as an allelopathic species, presenting a risk or advantage to seed germination and seedling growth of crop or weed plants.
2

Essential oils of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) induce oxidative stress in early seedlings of various weed species

80%
Mutlu S., Atici O., Esim N., Mete E.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2011
|
tom 33
|
nr 3
The essential oils from the aerial parts of catmint (Nepeta meyeri Benth.) were analyzed by hydrodistillation with GC–MS. Fourteen compounds were identified in the yellowish essential oil of the plant, representing more than 99.07% of the oil, of which the major components were found to be 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone (83.4%) and 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (8.83%). The oils were characterized by relatively high content of oxygenated monoterpenes, and were tested on the germination and antioxidative systems in early seedlings of seven weed species (Amaranthus retroflexus L., Bromus danthoniae Trin., Bromus intermedius Guss., Chenopodium album L., Cynodon dactylon L., Lactuca serriola L., and Portulaca oleracea L.) and autotoxicity. The essential oil of N. meyeri inhibited seed germination by more than 50% in three weed species (B. danthoniae, B. intermedius, and L. serriola) when applied at a concentration of 0.01%. When the same oils were applied at 0.02% concentration, the inhibition of germination was more than 70% in two weeds (C. album and C. dactylon) and was 100% in four weeds (A. retroflexus, B. danthoniae, B. intermedius, and L. serriola). The essential oils increased CAT activity in all the weed species and decreased SOD activity, except in A. retroflexus. POX activity did not exhibit a revealing situation in the weed species tested. The essential oils increased the level of lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) concentration in all the weeds studied. Our results show that the essential oils of N. meyeri have an important phytotoxic effect on seed germination and, consequently, seedling growth by exhausting antioxidative system of the weeds. The phytotoxic activity of the essential oils may be attributed to their relatively high content of oxygenated monoterpenes, especially 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone. It can be suggest that the essential oils of N. meyeri have the potential to be used as a bioherbicide.
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