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Oil and powder of spearmint as an alternative to Sitophilus oryzae chemical control of wheat grains

100%

Derbalah A. S., Ahmed S. I.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2011

tom 51

nr 2

Stored product pests such as Sitophilus Oryzae are a major concern. Alternative and safe control methods for such pests are needed. Therefore, powder and essential oil of Mentha viridis plant were tested under laboratory conditions for their ability to protect wheat grains against the insect S. oryzae. The insect was reared and tested on whole wheat grains. The emergence and adult mortality of the insect S. oryzae were tested. The efficacy of these plant products was evaluated and compared with malathion. The standard compound for controlling S. oryzae has been malathion. The effect of botanical products and malathion on the germination of wheat grains was also evaluated. The chemical components of spearmint oil were also identified using GC-MS analysis. The results showed that, the oil and powder of M. viridis were effective against S. oryzae with the respect to adults mortality. Also, the oil and powdered products of M. viridis significantly reduced the emergence of S. oryzae compared to the control treatment. Spearmint oil and powder do not significantly affect wheat grains germination relative to the control treatment. The efficacy of spearmint against the tested insect was due to the presence of a mixture of bioactive compounds. The results suggested that, spearmint oil and powder are promising as alternatives to chemical control used against S. oryzae in wheat grains. Also, these spearmint products submit a solution of resistance development by insect due to the presence of a lot of bioactive components rather than the single insecticide.

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Echinochloa colonum resistance to bispyribac-soduim in Egypt - occurrence and identification

80%

El-Nady M. F., Hamza A. M., Derbalah A. S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2012

tom 52

nr 1

Identification and mechanism of Echinochloa colonum (L.) resistance to bispyribac-soduim via physiological and anatomical differences between susceptible and resistant biotypes was investigated. The physiological and anatomical differences that were take into account were growth reduction, chlorophyll content reduction, protein analysis, lamina thickness and xylem vessel diameter in both susceptible and resistant biotypes of E. colonum. The results showed the growth reduction fifty (GR50) of resistant biotype was 10.2 times higher than that of the susceptible biotype E. colonum treated with bispyribac-soduim. The chlorophyll content was highly reduced in the susceptible biotype relative to the resistant one of E. colonum treated with bispyribac-soduim. An anatomical test showed significant differences in the cytology of susceptible and resistant biotypes of E. colonum treated with bispyribac-soduim with respect to lamina thickness and xylem vessel diameter. Furthermore, leaf protein analysis showed significant differences between the susceptible and resistant biotypes of E. colonum in the number and the density of protein bands. The resistance of E. colonum to bispyribac-soduim may be due to the faster metabolism of bispyribac-soduim below the physiologically active concentration or the insensitivity of its target enzyme, (acetolactate synthase). These results implied the occurrence of E. colonum resistance to bispyribac-soduim in Egypt and provide conclusive evidence that a single resistance mechanism alone cannot explain insensitivity in E. colonum to bispyribac-soduim.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Journal of Plant Protection Research

2 Derbalah A. S.

1 Ahmed S. I.

1 El-Nady M. F.

1 Hamza A. M.

1 2012

1 2011

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Oil and powder of spearmint as an alternative to Sitophilus oryzae chemical control of wheat grains

Echinochloa colonum resistance to bispyribac-soduim in Egypt - occurrence and identification