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Enhancement of the physicochemical qualities of gastric mucus by sofalcone

100%

Piotrowski J., Yamaki K., Tamura S., Slomiany A., Slomiany B. L.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

1991

tom 42

nr 3

The effect of prolonged administration of an antiulcer drug, sofalcone, on the physicochemical properties of gastric mucus was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of rats receiving twice daily for three consecutive days a dose of 100 mg/kg sofalcone, while the control group received daily doses of vehicle. The rats were sacrificed 16 h after the last dose and gastric mucosa subjected to physicochemical measurements. The results revealed that sofalcone evoked a 23% increase in mucus gel dimension, while sulfo- and sialomucins content of the gel increased by 54 and 25%, respectively. These changes were accompanied by a 16% increase in mucus H⁺ retardation capacity, 2-fold increase in viscosity, and a 39% increase in the gel hydrophobicity. The mucus elaborated in the presence of sofalcone contained 67 % more covalently bound fatty acids, exhibited 10% lower content of protein, 30% higher content of carbohydrate, and 18% higher content of lipids. The mucus of the sofalcone group also showed an increase in the proportion of the high molecular weight mucus glycoprotein form, which in the control group accounted for about 30% of gel mucin, while its content in mucus gel of animals receiving sofalcone reached the value of 50%. The results indicate that sofalcone enhances the protective qualities of mucus component of gastric mucosal barrier.

A rare case of dual origin of the left vertebral artery without convergence

100%

Watanabe K., Saga T., Iwanaga J., Tabira Y., Yamaki K.

Folia Morphologica

2016

tom 75

nr 1

A case of dual origin of the left vertebral artery was encountered in a dissection course for medical students in 2014. Two vertebral arteries were observed on the left side. One arose from the aortic arch between the origin of the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery, entered the transverse foramen of the 4th cervical vertebra, and coursed upward into the transverse foramen. The other arose from the left subclavian artery as expected, divided into two branches anterior to the cervical vertebrae, and entered the transverse foramina of the 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae. Both branches flowed into the anterior spinal artery. Moreover, as seen in other anomalies, 3 arterial fenestrations were observed in the cranial arteries. This case is extremely unique with respect to the following points: the 2 ipsilateral vertebral arteries did not combine to form 1 vertebral artery, the vertebral artery of subclavian artery origin entered the transverse foramen of the 7th cervical vertebra, and 3 fenestrations were observed in the intracranial arteries. This is a very suggestive case for neurosurgeons and radiologists who perform treatments involving the vertebral artery. (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 1: 136–142)

Gastric mucosal cell hemeostatic physiome. Critical role of ER-initiated membranes restitution in the fidelity of cell function renewal

100%

Slomiany A., Sano S., Grabska M., Yamaki K., Slomiany B. L.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

2004

tom 55

nr 4

Homeostatic cell physiology is preserved through the fidelity of the cell membranes restitution. The task is accomplished through the assembly of the precisely duplicated segments of the cell membranes, and transport to the site of their function. Here we examined the mechanism that initiates and directs the restitution of the intra- and extracellular membranes of gastric mucosal cell. The homeostatic restitution of gastrointestinal epithelial cell membrane components was investigated by studying the lipidomic processes in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. The biomembrane lipid synthesis during the formation of transport vesicles in the systems containing isolated organelle and the cell-specific cytosol (Cyt) from rat gastric mucosal epithelial cells was assessed. The results revealed that lipids of ER transport vesicle and the transmembrane and intravesicular cargo are delivered en bloc to the point of destination. En bloc delivery of proteins, incorporated into predetermined in ER lipid environment, ensures fidelity of the membrane modification in Golgi and the restitution of the lipid and protein elements that are consistent with the organelle and the cell function. The mechanism that maintains apical membrane restitution is mediated through the synthesis of membrane segments containing ceramide (Cer). The Cer-containing membranes and protein cargo are further specialized in Golgi. The portion of the vesicles destined for apical membrane renewal contains glycosphingolipids and phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. The vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate are directed to endosomes. Our findings revealed that the preservation of the physiological equilibrium in cell structure and function is attributed to (1) a complete membrane segment synthesis in ER, (2) its transport in the form of ER-transport vesicle to Golgi, (3) the membrane components-defined maturation of lipids and proteins in Golgi, and (4) en bloc transfer of the new segment of the membrane to the cell apical membrane or intracellular organelle.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

1 Folia Morphologica

3 Yamaki K.

2 Slomiany A.

2 Slomiany B. L.

1 Grabska M.

1 Iwanaga J.

1 Piotrowski J.

1 Saga T.

1 Sano S.

1 Tabira Y.

1 Tamura S.

1 Watanabe K.

1 2016

1 2004

1 1991

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Enhancement of the physicochemical qualities of gastric mucus by sofalcone

A rare case of dual origin of the left vertebral artery without convergence

Gastric mucosal cell hemeostatic physiome. Critical role of ER-initiated membranes restitution in the fidelity of cell function renewal