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1

Profiling volatile and phenolic compound composition and characterization of the morphological and biological activities of Perilla frutescence Britton var. Japonica accessions

100%
Ghimire B. K., Yoo J. H., Yu C. Y., Kim S.-H., Chung I.-M.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2019
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tom 41
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nr 07
This study was carried out to evaluate the morphological characteristics of Perilla accessions, as well as to determine their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities using crude extracts fractionated by different solvents, collected from different part of China and Japan. The composition and concentration of the phenolic compounds and volatile components in the Perilla accessions were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. HPLC analysis showed chlorogenic acid, homogentisic acid, myricetin, benzoic acid, and naringenin to be the dominant phenolic compounds in all the Perilla accessions. Beta-caryophyllene, isoegomaketone egomaketone, perillaketone, and perillene1-octen-3-ol were the dominant volatile compounds in Chinese accessions, and beta-caryophyllene, perillaldehyde, limonene, alpha-pinene, and 1-octen-3-ol in Japanese accessions. Accessions 140 and 141 showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (2 µg/mL). Ethyl acetate and hexane extracts from accessions 102 and 114 showed high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli. Among all the tested microbes, S. aureus was the most sensitive to the tested extracts of accession. A wide and dose-dependent variation in the inhibition of cancer cells (H-1299 cells derived from lymph node) proliferation was observed. At an extract concentration of up to 1.50 µg/mL, the percentage of dead cells varied from 56.4 to 87.7%. These results suggest that the ethyl acetate and hexane extracts from Perilla accessions show potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities and could be used as an important bioresource for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
2

Removal of fat from crushed black soldier fly larvae by carbon dioxide supercritical extraction

72%
Kim S. W., Jung T. S., Ha Y. J., Gal S. W., Noh C. W., Kim I. S., Lee J. H., Yoo J. H.
Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
|
2019
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tom 28
|
nr 1
The larvae of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, contain high amounts of protein and fat, and so are a good feed source. However, this high fat content hinders the production of such feed. The excess fat must thus be removed to enable the larvae to be used as a feedstock e.g., for aquaculture and livestock. Firstly, the use of hot water treatment as a strategy for extracting fat from dried larvae was tested. It was found that this process reduced the fat content of the raw material (from 30 to about 16%). However, the resulting product was still not suitable for feed processing. Next, the use of a carbon dioxide supercritical extraction system on crushed larvae was studied. This system time-dependently reduced the fat content to less than 6.6% and less than 4.6% after treatments for 2 and 6 h, respectively, with a pressure of 350 bar used on larval particles of 10–18 mesh in size. Therefore, subjecting 10–18 mesh crushed larval powder to carbon dioxide supercritical extraction at 350 bar for 6 h yielded a larval powder with a fat content of 5% or less. Based on this finding, this method is proposed to be a suitable alternative for further processing of larvae feedstock.
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