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Phosphorus removal from waste water by filter media: retention and estimated plant availability of sorbed phosphorus

100%

Johansson L., Hylander L.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

1998

tom 458

Phosphorus (P) is regarded as a limited resource and should be recycled in agriculture. Other reasons for recycling this nutrient are that excess P is hazardous to the environment and that cadmium (Cd) often is added when agriculture soils are fertilised with P. In Sweden, two major sources to P discharge in rural areas can be distinguished; waste water discharge from private households and agricultural runoff. This waste water is often poorly treated, if treated at all, and large amounts of P will reach different water bodies causing eutrophication. Actions must therefore be taken in order to prevent untreated waste water to reach the water bodies. Ecologically engineered waste water treatment facilities such as constructed wet-lands and infiltration plants are attractive for removing pollutants. These facilities can be designed to further improve the P retention by using reactive media which possess high capacity to retain large amounts of P. In order to recycle the P in plant production, the sorbed P must be plant available. Reactive media of natural as well as of anthropogenic origin, were tested with regard to their phosphorus retention capacity in batch experiment as well as in column experiment in the laboratory. Physical and chemical properties of the materials were performed to estimate the usage of the reactive media in waste water treatment plants. Chemical extractions were performed with methods used for estimating plant available P in order to obtain a first indication of the plant availability. This paper reports on the results obtained in the experiments described above for a low-cost and low-tech solution of waste water treatment in rural areas.

Epitope dissection of receptor-active gangliosides with affinity for Helicobacter pylori and influenza virus

61%

Miller-Podraza H., Larsson T., Nilsson J., Teneberg S., Matrosovich M., Johansson L.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

1998

tom 45

nr 2

Receptor-active gangliosides with affinity for Helicobacter pylori and influenza virus were chemically modified and analyzed by negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS) or electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI MS) after permethylation. Derivatizations included mild periodate oxidation of the sialic acid glycerol tail or conversion of the carboxyl group to primary alcohol or amides. The modified gangliosides were then tested for binding affinity using thin-layer plates overlaid with labeled microbes or microbe-derived proteins. Mild periodate oxidation, which shortens sialic acid tail without destruction of sugar cores, abolished or drastically reduced binding of H. pylori and avian influenza virus to sialyl-3-paragloboside (S-3-PG). The same effect was observed in the case of binding of the human influenza virus to receptor-active gangliosides of human leukocytes. Conversion of S-3-PG or leukocyte gangliosides to primary alcohols or amides also abolished the binding. However, mild periodate oxidation had no effect on binding of NAP (neutrophil-activating protein of H. pylori) to the active ganglioside.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Biochimica Polonica

1 Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

2 Johansson L.

1 Hylander L.

1 Larsson T.

1 Matrosovich M.

1 Miller-Podraza H.

1 Nilsson J.

1 Teneberg S.

2 1998

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Phosphorus removal from waste water by filter media: retention and estimated plant availability of sorbed phosphorus

Epitope dissection of receptor-active gangliosides with affinity for Helicobacter pylori and influenza virus