PL
W przypadku składania wniosku o dofinansowanie z funduszy strukturalnych przedsięwzięć rewitalizacyjnych wymogiem UE jest opracowanie lokalnego programu rewitalizacji. Analizą i oceną objęto programy i projekty rewitalizacyjne 11 miast, które uznano za liderów rewitalizacji obszarów zdegradowanych, przy wsparciu s'rodkami EFRR w ramach Działania 3.3. ZPORR w pierwszym okresie członkostwa Polski w UE. Uwzględniono wskazania KE oraz wymagania krajowe dotyczące planowania i programowania rewitalizacji.
EN
Planning elaborations (conditioning study and directions of commune land development and local plans) legally required in Poland do not provide sufficient planning foundations for taking up revitalisation undertakings. That is why the European Commission obliged local self-governments in Poland to elaborate local revitalisation programmes in case of filing motions for cofinancing of revitalisation undertakings from structural funds. In keeping with the EU and domestic requirements (included in the document Integrated Operational Programme for Regional Development), a local revitalisation programme should be a planning document of operational, comprehensive and integrated character elaborated in accordance with the principles of sustainable town development. The integrated revitalisation programme is characterised by: - connection and cohesion with planning documents of the town concerning its socio-economic development (Development strategy) and land development (Conditioning study and directions of commune land development and relevant local plans), - directing actions both for the revitalisation of urban space and the socioeconomic development, - taking into account different aspects of activity: social, environmental, economic and technical, - comprehensive scope of tasks (projects): investment and building ("hard") and social and economic ("soft"), - concentration and complementary character of projects to obtain a synergy effect between them, - identification of subjects for the implementation of tasks (projects) and indication of their cooperation, - new methods of managing the revitalisation process. From the point of view of the enumerated features, an analysis and assessment of revitalisation programmes of 11 towns, which can be recognised as revitalisation leaders supported by the EU during the initial period of Poland's membership in the European Union, was carried out. These are: Olsztyn, Łódż, Chojnice, Gdańsk, Stalowa Wola, Kielce, Żyrardów, Mrągowo, Bielsko-Biala, Poznań, Gołdap (the order according to the value of co-financing the revitalisation projects from means of the European Regional Development Fund). The programmes of revitalisation of 11 towns, which gained over considerable EU resources for the reconstruction of the degraded areas are variegated. Not all of them can provide the planning foundation for carrying out a long-lasting revitalisation process and require further work.The following features should be enumerated as the strong points of the analysed local revitalisation programmes: - Revitalisation of degraded areas is included in the programmes as an element of town development policy (except for the programme of Gołdap town-village commune) despite the fact that in the majority of towns no degraded/crisis areas were delimited as strategic areas in the conditioning study document and directions of land development. - Revitalisation activities have been concentrated on the selected areas (usually in city centres or downtown areas) - thanks to the indication of pilot areas in the programmes, or setting the order of the planned actions. However, in case of the investigated programmes, their weak points prevail. Namely: - No spatial analysis of crisis phenomena in towns has been made.. - In the majority of programmes neglected were tasks (projects) of social and economic character (non-investment known as "soft"). - There was no coordination of revitalisation actions of Priority 3 IOPRD with social actions within the Priority 2 IOPRD and sectoral programmes: "Development of human resources" and "Growth of competitiveness of enterprises". - No adequate scope of actions concerning renovation of apartment buildings has been planned. - There was no adequate socialisation of the process of making up the programme. - No innovative forms of managing the revitalisation programme were introduced. The difficulties in preparing the revitalisation programmes fulfilling EC requirements can be perceived in: - the lack of experience of local self-governments in integrated planning and programming, - insufficient number of specialists in the field of revitalisation of towns and in diversified preparation of advisory and design firms for creating integrated plans and programmes of development of self-government entities, - maladaptation of legal regulations in the field of town and country planning to the EU requirements referring to the integrated planning of local development as the leader in the planning system, - lack of appropriate data and information in relation to urban structural units, facilitating spatial analysis of crisis phenomena, - positioning of work on revitalisation programmes in municipal office entities dealing with development strategy and their feeble cooperation with town and country planners, - hasty preparation of revitalisation programmes, often only in order to file a motion for co-financing revitalisation projects from EU funds. The conclusions for the future concern the approach to the elaboration of the revitalisation programme (based on the relevant database and with the participation of local community), the necessity of incorporating revitalisation into the Polish system of development and land development planning and the necessity of creating appropriate institutional foundations for revitalisation activities.