EN
A new species of Mylonchulus Cobb, 1916 is described from Ukraine. Mylonchulus politus sp. nov. is similar to M. andrassyi Loof, 1993 from which it differs by shorter (L = 0.78-1.00 mm vs > 1.00 mm) and relatively wider (a = 26-35 vs a = 35-40) body, smaller buccal cavity (14-19 µm long vs > 20 µm long), shorter tail (28-37 µm vs > 50 µm), shorter spicules in males (32-35 µm vs > 40 µm), vulval lips sclerotization (rectangular vs triangular pieces), longer posterior uterine sac (75-122 µm vs 32 µm).