Spatial form of greenery in strategic environmental management in the context of urban adaptation to climate change

• Autorzy: Szopinska E. , Kazak J. , Kempa O. , Rubaszek J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Our article focuses on the problem of greenery management in urban areas in terms of the spatial form of greenery as well as biologically active areas. Due to the importance of the spatial form of greenery in shaping the positive features of the city’s local climate, the authors have proposed a method for assessing the spatial form of greenery (MASFoG), which is an extension of the existing and widely used method. In addition to the inventory of plants, the spatial model has been created (the 3D model rendered in the geographic information system, GIS), which is a novelty for the method. The method allows for visualizing and calculating the spatial form of greenery – the real biologically active size of the studied area, as well as to estimate real losses in the environment resulting from the introduction of planned changes, e.g., cutting down greenery because of construction of new facilities. The method may facilitate management of the city’s greenery, especially in planning and spatial development: (1) at the stage of drawing up the planning documents and (2) at the stage of specific investments before taking the final decision concerning their location and activities related to natural compensation.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 28
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.2845-2856,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Szopinska E.

• Institute of Landscape Architecture, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland

autor

Kazak J.

• Department of Spatial Economy, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland

autor

Kempa O.

• Department of Spatial Economy, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland

autor

Rubaszek J.

• Institute of Landscape Architecture, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. STONE D. Think global, act local or think local, act global? Knowledge production in the global agora. Central European University Conference “Reshaping globalization: multilateral dialogues and new policy initiatives”. Budapest, Hungary, 2001.
• 2. KAZAK J., SZEWRAŃSKI S. Indicator-based environmental assessment of spatial planning with the use of CommunityVis. Geoinformatics for City Transformations. GIS Ostrava 2013. 10th International Symposium. 168, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 2013.
• 3. PRZYBYŁA K., KULCZYK-DYNOWSKA A., KACHNIARZ M. Quality of life in the regional capitals of Poland. Journal of Economic Issues. 48 (1), 181, 2014.
• 4. ŚWIĄDER M., SZEWRAŃSKI S., KAZAK J. Spatial-Temporal Diversification of Poverty in Wroclaw, World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering-Architecture-Urban Planning Symposium 2016. Procedia Engineering. 161, 1596, 2016.
• 5. CARTER J.G., CAVAN G., CONNELLY A., GUY S., HANDLEY J., KAZMIERCZAK A. Climate change and the city: Building capacity for urban adaptation. Progress in Planning. 95, 1, 2015.
• 6. TOKARCZYK-DOROCIAK K., WALTER E., KOBIERSKA K., KOŁODYNSKI R. Rainwater management in the urban landscape of Wroclaw in terms of adaptation to climate changes, Journal of Ecological Engineering. 18 (6), 171, 2017.
• 7. CLOUTIER G., PAPIN M., BIZIER CH. Do-it-yourself (DIY) adaptation: Civic initiatives as drivers to address climate change at the urban scale. Cities. 74, 284, 2018. Available online 4 January 2018, ISSN 0264-2751, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.12.018.
• 8. IPCC. Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. Geneva, 2014.
• 9. JACOB D., PETERSEN J., EGGERT B. EUROCORDEX: new high-resolution climate change projections for European impact research. Reg Environ Change. 14, 563, 2014.
• 10. EEA. Climate change, impacts and vulnerabilities in Europe 2016. An indicator-based report. Publication Office of the European Union, Luxemburg, 2017.
• 11. United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHabitat). Cities and Climate Change: Global Report on Human Settlements. Earthscan, London; Washington, 2011.
• 12. ROSENZWEIG C., SOLECKI W.D., HAMMER S.A., MEHROTRA S. (Eds.). Climate Change and Cities: First Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network. University Press, Cambridge, 2011.
• 13. OKE T.R. Boundary layer climate (2nd ed.). Methuen, London, 1987.
• 14. RIZWAN A.M., DENNIS L.Y.C., LIU C. A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of Urban Heat Island. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 20, 120, 2008.
• 15. DEILAMI K., KAMRUZZAMAN M., LIU Y. Urban heat island effect: A systematic review of spatiotemporal factors, data, methods, and mitigation measures. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. 67, 30, 2018.
• 16. COSEO P., LARSEN L. How factors of land use/land cover, building configuration, and adjacent heat sources and sinks explain Urban Heat Islands in Chicago, Landscape and Urban Planning. 125, 117, 2014.
• 17. FORTUNIAK K. Miejska wyspa ciepła. Podstawy energetyczne, studia eksperymentalne, modele numeryczne i statystyczne. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź, 2003.
• 18. SZYMANOWSKI M. Miejska wyspa ciepła we Wrocławiu. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław, 2004.
• 19. KOŻUCHOWSKI K. Klimat Polski. Nowe spojrzenie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, 2011.
• 20. KAZAK J.K. The use of a decision support system for sustainable urbanization and thermal comfort in adaptation to climate change actions – the case of the Wrocław larger urban zone (Poland). Sustainability. 10, 1083, 2018.
• 21. SANTAMOURIS M. (ed.). Energy and climate in the urban built environment. James & James, London, 2001.
• 22. WONG N. H., CHEN Y. Tropical urban head islands climate buildings and greenery. Taylor & Francis, London; New York, 2009.
• 23. HAINES A., KOVATS R.S., CAMPBELL-LENDRUM D., CORVALAN C. Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability and public health. Public Health. 120, 585, 2006.
• 24. D’IPPOLITI D., MICHELOZZI P., MARINO C., DE’DONATO F., MENNE B., KATSOUYANNI K., KIRCHMAYER U., ANALITIS A., MEDINA-RAMÓN M., PALDY A., ATKINSON R., KOVATS S., BISANTI L., SCHNEIDER A., LEFRANC A., IÑIGUEZ C., PERUCCI C.A. The impact of heat waves on mortality in 9 European cities: results from the EuroHEAT project. Environmental Health. 9, 37, 2010.
• 25. RADHI H., SHARPLE S., ASSEM E. Impact of urban heat islands on the thermal comfort and cooling energy demand of artificial islands – A case study of AMWAJ Islands in Bahrain. Sustainable Cities and Society. 19, 310, 2015.
• 26. SANTAMOURIS M., CARTALIS C., SYNNEFA A., KOLOKOTSA D. On the impact of urban heat island and global warming on the power demand and electricity consumption of buildings – A review. Energy and Buildings. 98, 119, 2015.
• 27. EEA. Air quality in Europe. Report 4/2012. Office for Official Publications of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2012.
• 28. EU. The EU Strategy on adaptation to climate change, 2013.
• 29. MINISTERSTWO ŚRODOWISKA. Strategiczny plan adaptacji dla sektorów i obszarów wrażliwych na zmiany klimatu do roku 2020 z perspektywą do roku 2030. Warszawa, 2013.
• 30. KIEŁKOWSKA J., TOKARCZYK-DOROCIAK K., KAZAK J., SZEWRAŃSKI S., VAN HOOF J. Urban Adaptation to Climate Change Plans and Policies – the Conceptual Framework of a Methodological Approach. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 19 (2), 50, 2018.
• 31. BOWLER D., BUYUNG-ALI L., KNIGHT T. M., PULLIN A.S. Urban greening to cool towns and cities: Asystematic review of the empirical evidence. Landscape and Urban Planning. 97, 147, 2010.
• 32. ZHAO C., FU G., LIU X., FU F. Urban planning indicators, morphology and climate indicators: A case study for a north-south transect of Beijing, China. Building and Environment. 46, 1174, 2011.
• 33. WANG Y., BERARDI U., AKBARI H., Comparing the effects of urban heat island mitigation strategies for Toronto, Canada. Energy Build. 114, 2, 2016.
• 34. WONG N.H., JUSUF S.K. Urban heat island and mitigation strategies at city and building level. Kolokotosa D.D., Santamouris M., Akbari H. (Eds.). Advances in the development of cool materials for the built environment. Bentham Science Publishers, 2013.
• 35. AKBARI H., POMERANTZ M., TAHA H. Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas. Solar Energ y. 70, 295, 2001.
• 36. AKBARI H., KONOPACKY S., Energy effects of heat island reduction strategies in Toronto, Canada. Energy. 29, 191, 2004.
• 37. COSEO P., LARSEN L. Cooling the Heat Island in Compact Urban Environments: The Effectiveness of Chicago’s Green Alley Program. Procedia Engineering. 118, 691, 2015.
• 38. KONIJNENDIJK C.C., NILSSON K., RANDRUP T.B., SCHPPERIJN J. Urban Forests and Trees. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2005.
• 39. POTCHTER O., COHEN P., BITAN A. Climatic behavior of various urban parks during hot and humid summer in the Mediterranean city of Tel Aviv, Israel. International Journal of Climatology. 26, 1695, 2006.
• 40. RAHMAN M.A., ARMSON D., ENNOS A.R. A comparison of the growth and cooling effectiveness of five commonly planted urban tree species. Urban Ecosystems. 18, 371, 2015.
• 41. LEHMANN I., MATHEY J., RÖßLER S., BRÄUER A., GOLDBERG V. Urban vegetation structure types as a methodological approach for identifying ecosystem services – Application to the analysis of micro-climatic effects. Ecological Indicators. 42, 58, 2014.
• 42. LIN P., SIU YU LAU S., QIN H., GOU Z. Effects of urban planning indicators on urban heat island: a case study of pocket parks in high-rise high-density environment. Landscape and Urban Planning. 168, 48, 2017.
• 43. STEENEVELD G.J., KOOPMANS S., HEUSINKVELD B.G., THEEUWES N.E. Refreshing the role of open water surfaces on mitigating the maximum urban heat island effect. Landscape and Urban Planning. 121, 92, 2014.
• 44. DEMUZERE M., ORRU K., HEIDRICH O., OLAZABAL E., GENELETTI D., ORRU H., BHAVE A.G., MITTAL N., FELIU E., FAEHNLE M. Mitigating and adapting to climate change: Multifunctional and multi scale assessment of green urban infrastructure. Journal of Environmental Management. 146, 107, 2014.
• 45. NORTON B.A., COUTTS A.M., LIVESLEY S.J., HARRIS R.J., HUNTER A.M., WILLIAMS N.S.G. Planning for cooler cities: A framework to prioritize green infrastructure to mitigate high temperatures in urban landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning. 134, 127, 2015.
• 46. SUSSAMS L., W. SHEATE W.R. EALES R.P. Green infrastructure as a climate change adaptation policy intervention: Mudding the waters or clearing a path to a more secure future? Journal of Environmental Management, 147 (1), 184, 2015.
• 47. RANDERS J., 2052: A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years, Chelsea Green Publishing House, 2012.
• 48. BOERENFIJN P., KAZAK J.K., SCHELLEN L., VAN HOOF J. A multi-case study of innovations in energy performance of social housing for older adults in the Netherlands. Energy and Buildings. 158, 1762, 2018.
• 49. KAZAK J., VAN HOOF J., SZEWRAŃSKI S. Challenges in the wind turbines location process in Central Europe – The use of spatial decision support systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 76, 425, 2017.
• 50. WOCH F., HERNIK J., LINKE H.J., SANKOWSKI E., BĘCZKOWSKA M., NOSZCZYK T. Renewable Energy and Rural Autonomy: A Case Study with Generalizations. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 26 (6), 2823, 2017.
• 51. TALBI B. CO2 emissions reduction in road transport sector in Tunisia, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 69, 232, 2017.
• 52. SKIBA M., MRÓWCZYŃSKA M., BAZAN-KRZYWOSZAŃSKA A. Modeling the economic dependence between town development policy and increasing energy effectiveness with neural networks. Case study: The town of Zielona Góra. Applied Energy. 188, 356, 2017.
• 53. MIAO CH., FANG D., SUN L., LUO Q. Natural resources utilization efficiency under the influence of green technological innovation. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 126, 153, 2017.
• 54. SZEWRAŃSKI S., KAZAK J., ŻMUDA R., WAWER R. Indicator-Based Assessment for Soil Resource Management in the Wrocław Larger Urban Zone of Poland. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 26 (5) 2239, 2017.
• 55. DĄBROWSKA J., BAWIEC A., PAWĘSKA K., KAMIŃSKA J., STODOLAK R. Assessing the impact of wastewater effluent diversion on water quality. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 26 (1), 9, 2017.
• 56. SZYMAŃSKA D., LEWANDOWSKA A., ROGATKA K. Temporal trend of green areas in Poland between 2004 and 2012. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 14, 1009, 2015.
• 57. BYOMKESH T., NAKAGOSHI N., DEWAN A.M. Urbanization and green space dynamics in Greater Dhaka. Bangladesh. Landscape Ecol. Eng. 8, 45, 2012.
• 58. VAN HOOF J., SCHELLEN L., Soebarto V., WONG J.K.W., KAZAK J.K. Ten questions concerning thermal comfort and ageing. Building and Environment. 120, 123, 2017.
• 59. RAJAN N.M., JAYALAKSHMI S. Predictive species habitat distribution modelling of indian sandalwood tree using GIS. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 26 (4), 1627, 2017.
• 60. The Regulation of the Minister of Infrastructure of March 12, 2009 on the technical conditions which should be fulfilled by buildings and their location, as amended – Rozporządzenie Ministra Infrastruktury z dnia 12 marca 2009 r. w sprawie warunków technicznych, jakim powinny odpowiadać budynki i ich usytuowanie, z późniejszymi zmianami (Dz.U. 2013 poz. 926).
• 61. Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 3 July 2017 on the amount of charges for removal of trees and shrubs – Rozporządzenie Ministra Środowiska z 3 lipca 2017 w sprawie wysokości stawek opłat za usunięcie drzew i krzewów (Dz. U. 2017 poz. 1330).
• 62. Act of 16 April 2004 on the protection of nature, as amended – Ustawa z dnia 16 kwietnia 2004 r. o ochronie przyrody, z późniejszymi zmianami (Dz. U. 2004 nr 92 poz. 880).
• 63. GUO G., WU Z., XIAO R., CHEN Y., LIU X., ZHANG X. Impacts of urban biophysical composition on land surfacetemperature in urban heat island clusters. Landscape and Urban Planning, 135, 1, 2015.
• 64. TARIG A.A., MARUF M., SERTER A. GIS-based study on the susceptibility of Dubai creek (UAE) to eutrophication. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 25 (6), 2275, 2016.
• 65. WANG S.H., SHANG M., ZHOU Y., LIU W.L., WANG F., WANG L.T., Resources and environmental carrying capacity using RS and GIS, Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 26 (6), 2793, 2017.
• 66. DEWAN A.M., YAMAGUCHI Y. Land use and land cover change in Greater Dhaka, Bangladesh: Using remote sensing to promote sustainable urbanization. Applied Geography. 29, 390, 2009.
• 67. PEPER P.J., MC PHERSON E.G. Evaluation of four methods for estimating leaf area of isolated trees, Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 2, 2, 2003.
• 68. ONG B.L. Green plot ratio: an ecological measure for architecture and urban planning, Landscape and Urban Planning, 63, 197, 2003.
• 69. SZOPIŃSKA E. Struktura przestrzenna zieleni jako element kształtowania klimatu miasta. Problemy planistyczne – wiosna 2011. Zachodnia Okręgowa Izba Urbanistów z siedzibą we Wrocławiu. 105, Wrocław, 2011.
• 70. WONG N.H., JUSUF S.K., TAN C.L. Integrated urban microclimate assessment method as a sustainable urban development and urban design tool. Landscape and Urban Planning. 10, 386, 2011.
• 71. WANG Y, BERARDI U., AKBARI H. Comparing the effects of urban heat island mitigation strategies for Toronto, Canada. Energy and Buildings. 114, 2, 2016.
• 72. HAGEN K., STILES R. Contribution of landscape design to changing urban climate conditions. Müller N., Werner P., Kelcev J.G. (Eds.). Urban Biodiversity and Design. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 2010.
• 73. HIRST J., MORLEY J., BANG K. Functional Landscapes: Assessing elements of Seattle Green Factor. International Report. The Berger Partnership PS, 2008.
• 74. Act of July 7, 1994 – Construction Law – Ustawa z dnia 7 lipca 1994 r., as amended – Prawo budowlane, z późniejszymi zmianami (Dz. U. 2010 nr 121 poz. 809).

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15244/pjoes/92244