EN
The review describes current diagnostic techniques used for TSEs diagnosis with emphasis on BSE and scrapie in sheep. The clinical signs and their reliability are presented along with the review of laboratory tests. Special emphasis has been placed on the diagnostic reliability of clinical signs including their sensitivity and specificity. Histopatological examination for BSE is discussed with guidelines for diagnostic criteria on single section examination. Other techniques for PrP detection like: SAF detection, immunohistochemistry and western-blotting have also been presented. The review describes the development of novel methods for BSE diagnosis in live animals using cerobrospinal fluid and urine.