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The present research is unique. Its purpose was to prove the suitability of X-ray techniques for diagnosis of pathological changes of wild ruminant skeletons. The most interesting cases were chosen, among which two had very similar changes visible in the submaxilla area. The macroscopic examination did not allow for a closer estimation of the character changes. The X-ray examination revealed a wide range of radiological symptoms by means of which the final diagnosis could be made. Cystis folicularis, despite great similarity of changes, clearly differed on X-ray pictures from the overgrowth of shank bone tissue caused by osteoblastic stimulation of bone tissue injury background. The third case showed typical radiological symptoms of the inflammatory state (ostitis), infection background, as well as a possibility of differential diagnosis.
Two common Potamogeton species, Potamogeton pectinatus L. and Potamogeton crispus L., were collected in 2016 and 2017 from a lowland, sandy bed in the Wilga River in Poland to investigate the ability of the plants to adapt to changing hydrological conditions. Measurements included biomechanical properties as well as the morphological characteristics of their stems. Specifically, experiments included three-point bending and tension tests as well as stem diameter and cross-sectional morphology at various periods in the plants’ life cycles. Detailed information about the seasonal changes in biomechanical traits and the similarities between the two investigated plants are presented. The data show significant differences in the three-point bending and tension parameters. The flexural rigidity proved to be the most sensitive parameter to changes in hydrological conditions during the season. The maximum forces in the three-point bending tests needed to complete the fracture of P. crispus were much higher, reaching values up to 0.097 N, than those for P. pectinatus (0.035 N), due to P. crispus having thicker shoots, which resulted in greater resistance to elastic deformity. Moreover, the modulus of elasticity values shows that P. pectinatus is much more prone to return to its original shape after the removal of the acting forces. For instance, the maximum Young’s modulus for P. pectinatus was 116.23 MPa, whereas for P. crispus, the highest value was four times lower (26.60 MPa). The present study supplements an aquatic plant biomechanics database that has been created in recent years.
Animal assisted therapy has a positive effect on many human diseases. It facilitates recovery from disturbances in mental and physical health. Scientifically demonstrated positive animal impact on people has resulted in more and more new species of animals being introduced to the therapy. Among them there has been the cat. Thus feline therapy appeared. Contact with this animal is pleasant: it is not a kind of painful rehabilitation. The presence of a cat improves the mood and reduces the feeling of loneliness. A person taking part in the therapy is stimulated to act and take on various forms of activity, such as playing with the pet, feeding it, etc. so they receive a lot of positive stimuli. Physical contact with a cat stimulates the human body to secrete endorphins, lowers blood pressure, blood triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood, it also stimulates the immune system to action. However, years of research and observation have shown that although animals support the treatment of diseases, not every animal can be favorably received by the person with impaired health. Therefore, the therapy must be chosen so that the patient does not fear an animal or experience psychological discomfort. Feline therapy may constitute a good alternative, for example, for dog therapy. The use of feline therapy in therapeutic programs in nursing homes, orphanages, care centers, kindergartens, schools, hospitals, hospices obtains positive results, and its application in closed institutions (prisons, substance abuse treatment centers) supports the rehabilitation of inmates. Nevertheless one must not forget that feline therapy, similarly as therapy using other animals, is only a complement to traditional treatment and cannot replace rehabilitation.
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