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Migration of enterprises - case studies

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The aim of this paper was to present the essence of the relocation process of companies with particular consideration of intra-national migration. The author arranged definitions and presented factors of the relocation of companies. The paper ends with case studies of the companies that entirely or partly relocated their business activity in the country. The information on migration was obtained on the basis of the conducted survey among randomly selected enterprises. Further information was collected from web pages of surveyed entities and press releases. As a result of the conducted analysis the conclusions were drawn towards the surveyed enterprises. It was observed that domestic relocation concerns both small and large enterprises dealing with manufacturing, providing services and trading. Internal migration may be conducted entirely or partly. Companies may transfer their seats or branches. The main reason for a change of localization is insufficient supply of manufacturing area. The conducted research reflect only fragment of the process of domestic relocation in order to draw the overall conclusions in this respect is indispensable to make extension at the bigger scale of enterprises.
We studied the effect of the modification of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) on the growth, migration and adhesion of C3H 10T1/2 cells. Cells transfected with plasmid coding for antisense FAK displayed a low level of FAK protein. Interestingly, the transfected cells achieved a higher saturation density at confluence, and displayed reduced adhesion and enhanced emigration from a confluent layer of cells when stimulated with fibronectin. In conclusion, it can be postulated that FAK plays an important role in the mechanism of contact inhibition.
This model experiment was aimed towards determination of the effect of repeated microwaving on migration of volatile substances to food simulating model solutions from packages commonly used in food industry. For this purpose 5 most common plastic packages were selected: white round shaped polypropylene container for ready to eat courses, its polystyrene cover, yellow polypropylene cup of 175 cm3 capacity, white polystyrene cup of 135 cm3 capacity and polystyrene/polyethylene foil; 3% acetic acid, 15% ethanol and rectified olive oil were taken as food simulating solvents. Prior to microwaving, the samples were stored for 10 days in 5°C. Using the GC/MS combined with static head space technique, 26 substances migrating into food simulants were identified after storage and prior to microwave heating. Cumulative exposure time to microwaving ranged from 2 till 30 min.
This article analyses information gathered between 1984 and 1995 relating to the seasonal movements of Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1819) in the north-east of Spain. The recapture rate of banded different individuals is 32.5% and the total recapture rate is 53.4%. Ninety five different trajectories have been reported. The bats cover an average distance of 120 km between their hibernation sites and summer roosts. The longest longevity recorded here is almost 10 years. Localities where M. schreibersii was observed were grouped by seasonal use pattern and according the species biological cycle. Two new hibernation sites, seven new breeding sites and sixteen new equinoctial sites have been discovered in this study. From the verified flight trajectories, the distribution of shelters and the ethological characteristics of the species, the most probable migration path have been established.
Background. A water filtered by jug filter system (JFS) can be applied for the preparation of food products, as well as it can be directly consumed as drinking water. In the European Union, in both above-mentioned cases the quality of water filtered using JFSs has to fulfill the requirements listed in Directive 98/83/EC. However, Directive 98/83/EC sets no parametric value for silver, JFSs are not regulated under this legislative act and additionally, silver-modified activated carbon (applied in such systems) has not been approved by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Therefore, the exposure to this metal should be assessed for all JFSs containing filtration cartridges with silver-modified activated carbon, present on the retail market. Objective. A comprehensive study was conducted in order to examine the effect of JFSs (consisted of filtration oval-cartridges of the new type with silver-modified activated carbon) on the quality of filtered water regarding the released amounts of silver. Silver migration from such type of cartridges has not been examined before. The aim of work was the assessment of exposure to silver released into filtered water from silver-modified activated carbon applied in such types of JFSs. Material and methods. Silver migration from six brands of JFSs (A–F) was investigated according to British Standard BS 8427:2004 using a validated inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. Results. The average daily silver concentrations in the composite samples collected on six measurement days for A, B, C, D, E and F JFSs were in the ranges of: 3.95–18.1 μg/l, 4.6–21.7 μg/l, 0.41–8.7 μg/l, 6.9–10.9 μg/l, 3.3–17.1 μg/l and 10.1–20.8 μg/l, respectively. The established grand mean concentrations of released silver from all six oval cartridges were in the range of 2.7–14.3 μg/l. The estimated Hazard Quotient (HQ) indices were in the range of 0.015–0.082 Conclusions. The estimated HQ indices were significantly lower than 1 and therefore no long-term risk for human health could be expected. All the investigated JFSs of the new type meet previously established provisional migration limit for silver from such systems – 25 μg/l.
Przedstawiono skalę emigracji siły roboczej z Polski, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wyjazdów do Niemiec. Zaprezentowano rolę pracowników pracowników z Polski w rozwoju Niemiec. Wskazano, ze nie oczekuje się zwiększonego napływu migrantów z Polski po jej integracji z UE.
 The metastatic transformation of melanocytes is associated with altered expression of adhesion molecules, including αvβ3 and α3β1 integrins. Integrin αvβ3 is a primary vitronectin (VN) receptor, while both integrin types take part in adhesion to VN when they are in complex with uPAR. Although their role in melanoma cell interaction with VN is of great interest, the influence of N-oligosaccharides attached to these glycoproteins is still unappreciated. The present study assesses the role of αvβ3 and α3β1 integrins and the influence of their glycosylation status on WM9 and WM239 metastatic melanoma cell interactions with VN. Cell adhesion to and migration on VN were selected as the studied cell behaviour parameters. Functionblocking antibodies and swainsonine (SW) treatment were used in these tests. Both cell lines interacted with VN in an integrin-mediated but cell-line-specific manner. In WM9 cells, migration was not completely inhibited by antibodies against α3β1 or αvβ3 integrins, suggesting the participation of other VN receptors. In both cell lines in coprecipitation test the formation of an integrins/uPAR complex was shown. In the presence of SW formation of the complex did not occur, suggesting the participation of glycosylation in this proccess. Additionally, the adhesion properties of WM9 cells were changed after SW treatment. Our results suggest that in these two metastatic cell lines integrin-linked N-oligosaccharides influence the VN adhesion receptor activity and function.
The subject of the study is the problem of formation of a high population density area around Warsaw. Such areas, referred to as "Speckguertel" in the German literature (bacon belt), have a strong influence both on the development of the cities around which they form and on areas further away. Since this influence may be both positive and negative it is important to manage the spatial development in such a manner so as to avoid an increase in the number of communication problems.
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