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After slaughter or surgically there were taken oviducts from 16 cows, 28 ewes and 7 does to assess their contents bacteriologically. It was found that the oviducts taken from cows and does were free from bacterial flora in 56, 58 and 100 per cent, respectively. Streptococcus spp was found in 6 cases and Staphylococcus spp in 7 cases in cows. In ewes Streptococcus spp was noted in 5, Staphylococcus in 13 and Pseudomonas spp in one cause. There was no growth of opportunistic bacteria in the rinsings of the oviduct of does.
The nerve growth factor (NGF) is a polypeptide belonging to the family of trophic factors, influencing not only the population of neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system, but also cells of the immunological and endocrine systems. The expression of NGF and/or its two types of membrane receptors (NTRK1 and TFRSF1B) was found in cells of ovaries, uterus, oviduct, fetal membranes and placenta. NGF is an important element of the regulation of the ovary functioning in sexually immature and mature females. NGF contributes to the development of the innervation of ovarian structures, stimulates proliferation of steroidogenic cells and synthesis of steroids, as well as participates in the maturation of oocytes and in ovulatory process. Moreover, NGF and neurotransmitters released by adrenergic fibres can play an important role in the formation and/or the course of polycystic ovary syndrome. During the estrous cycle, besides pregnancy NGF stimulates proliferation of uterine cells which lead to the increase of the mass of the uterus. Decreased in the middle and late period of the pregnancy, the expression of this factor in the uterus contributes to neurodegenerative changes whose effect is the reduction of contractions of the uterus. In turn the augmentation of NGF production after parturition leads to the restoration of innervation in this organ. The implication of NGF and its receptors in the functioning of the oviduct, fetal membranes and placenta has not yet been recognized.
A reservoir of spermatozoa in the initial oviduct segment has been found in several species of domestic and laboratory mammals. The reservoir serves to ensure successful fertilization by providing the appropriate number spermatozoa in appropriate physiological state for fertilizing oocytes soon after they enter the oviduct. Recent evidence indicates that spermatozoa are trapped in the reservoir by binding to specific carbohydrate moieties on the surface of mucosal epithelium of the oviduct. Identification of the fucose-binding protein on bull spermatozoa that enables them to bind to oviductal epithelium was described. The state of spermatozoa that enables them to release from the reservoir was also discussed.
The aim of the research was to test the tunica mucosa of the oviduct and endometrium in female cats with ovarian cysts. Material (oviducts and uterus) was obtained during ovariohysterectomy. The investigation was carried out on oviducts and uteruses of 23 cats. The first group consisted of 15 cats which had ovarian cysts, the second group consisted of 8 cats without cysts. The organs were collected during surgery, after which they were fixed in 4% formalin for 48 h and processed routinely with paraffin embedding. Sections were cut at 6-7 µm, mounted on slides, dyed, deparaffinized in xylenes and rehydrated in graded ethanol solutions. Sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and van Gieson. The tunica mucosa of the oviduct in the uterus were investigated. The number of cells in the epithelium were quantified by morphometry. In endometrium, in zona glandularis atrophy of glands, as well as in the degradation of epithelial cells exsecretory ducts occur. Secretory segments are cystic dilated with remaining secretions. Hypersecretion of facial epithelium is visible. Morphological changes in ovaries and uteruses result in persistent infertility in cats.
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