This article analyzes the investment in environmental protection in Poland in the years 2000-2009. Up to the mentioned period of time we analyzed changes in the structure of the financing of investment in environmental protection according to the sources of investment. For the year 2009 we presented the structure of investment expenditures by province and pointed out the basic directions of investment in environmental protection. The source of information on investment for the environmental protection has been created in the Central Statistical Office. Interpretation of data leads to the conclusion that spending on environmental protection are growing steadily.
The aim of the paper is to present the findings about the trend in agricultural investments, property structure, especially long-term assets, of the agricultural enterprises between 2000 and 2005 and about the possibilities of investments financing in agriculture. An unfavourable financial situation of agricultural enterprises prevailing up to 2003 resulted in shortage of the capital resources for the agricultural investments needed for the technical and technological changes that would lead to the competitiveness improvement of the Czech agriculture. The economic results of agricultural sector in 2005 and preliminarily also in 2006 stand for the success in keeping positive trends in final economic indicators of Czech agriculture after the accession to the European Union.
Competition policy in financing human capital development in rural areas should be considered in long term, and should base on the interdisciplinary research results that would refer to the field of political economics. Of special importance as such a basis are these research results that forecast the development trends in the second and the third decade of twenty first century.
Subject and purpose of work: The main issue of the work is to present the essence of venture capital, i.e. Venture Capital funds and Private Equity funds. The aim of the article is to indicate the size of the share and the role of funds in financing enterprises located in Poland. The time horizon of the presented data covers the years 2012-2019. Materials and methods: The material for analysis is available statistical data, reports of commercial companies and other entities researching the size of the Venture Capital and Private Equity sector in Poland. For the purposes of the study, the literature on the subject was used as well as the data of: Narodowy Centrum Badań i Rozwoju, KPMG Sp. z o.o., the State Development Fund, the Startup Poland Foundation and the European Association of Venture Capital and Private Equity Investors. The method of analysis and criticism of the literature and the method of examining documents were used. Results: The research carried out in Poland makes it possible to assess the size of the implemented venture capital investments, i.e. VC and PE funds, over the years 2012-2019. The presented data indicate that the share of funds in financing Polish enterprises has a variable tendency. The percentage share of VC and PE investors in Europe in 2017-2018 is also variable. Conclusions: The Polish economic market is an attractive investment area in terms of cash allocation needs by venture capital funds. Increasing awareness of enterprise managers about the benefits of using these capitals to subsidize the activities of entrepreneurs allows them to discount VC and PE funds in innovative startups and in other processes, the implementation of which takes place in further phases of the company's operations. The studies conducted so far cover the entire territory of Poland and are of an overview nature. The VC and PE funds, which are a new financial instrument, allow Polish enterprises to implement innovative projects.
Subject and purpose of work: Research targeted at verification of the effectiveness of the appeal procedure for co-financing of tourism projects under the ROPPV 2007-2013 has been presented in the article. Materials and methods: The article is based on the analysis of the secondary data collected by the Podlaskie Province Marshal’s Office in Bialystok and the literature covering the research area. The analysis of detailed information was performed using inductive inference. Results: None of the applicants under Priority Axis III. Tourism and culture development ROPPV 2007-2013 decided to exercise their right regarding the use of the judicial stage of the appeal procedure. Conclusions: It is impossible to clearly determine the degree of effectiveness of the appeal procedure concerning the process of application for the co-financing of tourism projects under the ROPPV 2007-2013 because the mechanism of verification of the correctness of projects’ assessment was not applied in its full extent.
This paper deals with changes in economical structure of rural areas, which are a result of changes in ownership. The changes in ownership of public property are initialized by decentralization and modernization of public management in Slovakia.
The paper discusses difficulties connected with obtaining public fund for the realization of programs of educational opportunities equalization (competition and non-competition versions). The comparative studies have been prepared on the basis of two latest legislative solutions: program of assistance for children and youth from former State Agricultural Enterprises; regional programs of educational opportunities equalization. The article also includes the financial results of assistance forms accumulation in both competition and non-competition. The potential value of the obtained financial support highlights the threads of increasing the differences in the access to education. Promotion of the competition in the realization of the program of educational opportunities equalization will increase the existing territorial differences.
The aim of the article is to analyse dependents of disbursement of funds as part of Operational Programme Innovative Economy and level of innovativeness of Polish economy measured by SII index in 2008-2012. In the article, there are chosen instruments and forms of support of innovative projects, which as a rule, should contribute to the growth of innovativeness of Polish economy. Operational Programme Innovative Economy was used for empirical research, which, from the financial perspective in 2007-2013, is the greatest source of financing projects of innovative character. Moreover, the analysis refers to SII total innovative index, proposed in annual reports of European Commission, which measures innovativeness of the economy.
The aim of this research was to present the role and significance of financing with equity capital on individual farms in Poland. The research was carried out with the use of an interviewer questionnaire on a group of 100 farmers running individual farms as well as keeping the agricultural accounts in the FADN system. The research was conducted in the Mazowsze. Limitation of financing of the operational and investment activity only to the equity capital, in the opinion of farmers, contributes to less dynamic development of agricultural production due to a lack of sufficient equity resources for the purchase of machines and devices. The farmers included no requirements concerning warranties and guarantees in the situation of financing with a loan as the most significant advantages of financing with equity capital. Most farmers allocated the saved financial surplus to current or planned investments, assessing such financial strategy as the average level of risk. Such approach to self-financing of the activity was assessed by farmers as average in the context of the effectiveness of using equity capital.