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In the paper three cases are presented and analysed, which show innovations in the use of woody biomass for the production of heat and woody fuel (pellets). In two of the firms analysed woody biomass boilers were installed, and in the third case a technological line for the production of pellets was assembled. The analysis was made based on information acquired during interviews conducted in the companies. Pro-innovative people, who acted as “innovation motors” in the companies contributed greatly to the success of the innovative undertakings. The financing of the innovations was the most important problem in the realization of the undertakings, and a possibility to use public funding played a significant role. The successfully implemented innovations contributed to an increase in competitiveness of the companies, which allowed to use locally available woody biomass resources and to reduce the emissions of pollutants and CO2 to the atmosphere.
In Poland the market in wood biomass for energy purposes is characterised by large cognitive gap concerning wood biomass supply, despite the growing importance of this subsection of the wood and energy markets. The article presents the results of research on the supply of wood biomass for energy purposes in Poland in 2010 and forecasted supply by 2015. The research process utilised model approach, relating to supply of wood biomass by the main sources of its production.
The article presents the results of research on the sources and potential of plantations of fast-growing trees in Poland, as well as the advantages and difficulties connected with them. Additionally, the paper describes the suitability of wood biomass from plantations of fast-growing trees for production and energy purposes. More-over, the article oulines difficulties in the interpretation of such terms as “fast-growing trees”, “plantation crops”, and “plantation” in the context of place and activities connected with the procurement of biomass from outside forest ecosystems.
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The article contains the results of research, in which the estimated consumption of wood biomass for energy purposes in Poland in 2010 and the anticipated demand for this energy carrier by 2015 was determined in a systemic manner.
Modern forestry management should be based on the principle of sustainability.In order to preserve habitat productivity, the amount of nutrients removed from the environment along with forestry products must be taken into consideration. This study shows the exact concentrations of chemical elements in different tree parts of Scots pine, growing on poor soils in north-western Poland. The observedvalues were compared to the values found in literature. In addition, the relationship between the concentrations of elements and stem diameter or stand density was researched. The highest concentration of chemical elements was observed in the needles (C, N, P, K, Mg, S, Mn, Na, Fe) and the lowest (C, N, P, S, Cu, Na, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe) in the stem wood. Most of the macronutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg and S) reached optimal values, with the exception of N showing a deficiency, especially in the needles. The relationship between the content of elements and DBH or stand density was rather weak, and in both cases, negative.
The last world financial crisis has had a noticeable impact on the wood sector in Poland. As a result companies have to deal with difficulties that have arisen in foreign trade and on labour market. One solution is to introduce some new activities into company and create a new image which may lead to an increase in competitiveness. For wood sector companies such solution can be the use of wood biomass for energy purposes. Wood waste which is a side product of wood processing may be used for energy purposes in the company that creates it or may be sold as this company’s product to power stations.
The study was carried out in 39- and 43-year-old stands of noble fir (Abies procera Rehder) grown in the Rogów Arboretum of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (Poland). The main objectives of our study were (1) to estimate stem volume over bark of noble fir grown out of its natural range, (2) to develop suitable allometric equations for estimating aboveground woody biomass components and (3) to estimate aboveground woody biomass components using site-specific allometric equations and to compare them with biomass estimated using allometric equations developed in stands grown within natural range of noble fir. The study showed that the mean DBH of trees was 20.14 cm in the younger stand and 22.25 cm in the older stand. The basal area of the 39-year-old stand was 49.01 m2·ha-1 and 43-year-old stand was 47.53 m2·ha-1. Based on the developed equation stem volume over bark was 374.87 m3·ha-1 and 356.24 m3·ha-1 in the 39- and 43-year-old stands, respectively. Based on the developed site-specific allometric equations total aboveground woody biomass in the 39-year-old stand was 189 Mg·ha-1 whereas in the 43-year-old stand it was 184 Mg·ha-1. Branch biomass in both stands equaled 19.9% of total aboveground wood biomass. Total aboveground woody biomass, estimated by allometric equations published by Ter-Mikaelian and Korzukhin [1997], equaled 233 Mg·ha-1 and 228 Mg·ha-1 in the 39- and 43-year-old stands, respectively. This means that the aboveground woody biomass is overestimated by ca. 23% in comparison with biomass estimated by our site-specific allometric equation. Generally, the existing equations published by Ter-Mikaelian and Korzukhin [1997] overestimated total aboveground woody biomass and stem biomass, while branch biomass was underestimated across all tree sizes compared to directly obtained biomass data.
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