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The subgenus Scymnus of Scymnus Kugelann, 1794 from China is revised. Fifty-six species of the subgenus Scymnus known to occur in China, including twenty seven new species are documented: Scymnus (Scymnus) impolitus sp. nov., S. (S.) obesus sp. nov., S. (S.) zhangmuensis sp. nov., S. (S.) byssinus sp. nov., S. (S.) makuensis sp. nov., S. (S.) extumidus sp. nov., S. (S.) comosus sp. nov., S. (S.) choui sp. nov., S. (S.) trachypus sp. nov., S. (S.) deltatus sp. nov., S. (S.) leigongicus sp. nov., S. (S.) arciformis sp. nov., S. (S.) luxiensis sp. nov., S. (S.) acerbus sp. nov., S. (S.) pingqianensis sp. nov., S. (S.) deflexus sp. nov., S. (S.) plautus sp. nov., S. (S.) xiongfeii sp. nov., S. (S.) recavus sp. nov., S. (S.) nabangicus sp. nov., S. (S.) fasciculatus sp. nov., .S. (S.) fusinus sp. nov., S. (S.) guniujiangicus sp. nov., S. (S.) caiyanghensis sp. nov., .S, (S.) serratus sp. nov., S. (S.) biconvexus sp. nov., and S. (S.) clavellatus sp. nov. Scymnus (Scymnus) sufflavus Canepari, 1997 and S. (S.) trisulicus Canepari, 1997 are recorded from China for the first time. Nomenclatural history, diagnoses, illustrations and distribution are provided for fifty-five recognized species. A key to the species from China is presented.
The Australian members of the coccinellid tribe Chilocorini are revised, keyed and illustrated. Chilocorini in Australia consists of 23 species classified in 6 genera: Brumoides, Chilocorus, Exochomus, Halmus, Orcus and Trichorcus. Five new species are described: Brumoides piae, Chilocorus maculatus, Chilocorus micros, Halmus hilli and Halmus viridis. The following new synonyms are proposed: Chilocorus malasiae Crotch, 1874 (= Chilocorus australasiae Gadeau de Kerville, 1884; = Chilocorus baileyi Blackburn, 1890; = Chilocorus flavidus Blackburn, 1892b; = Chilocorus diadema Weise, 1898; = Chilocorus meijerei Weise, 1913; = Chilocorus nasicornis Korschefsky, 1944); Orcus coelestris Blackburn, 1891 (= Orcus ovalis Blackburn, 1892b; = Orcus splendens Blackburn, 1892b; = Orcus clypeatus Weise;1923); Orcus citri Lea, 1902 (= Orcus coxalis Weise, 1917); Orcus cyanocephalus Mulsant, 1850 (= Orcus lecanii Blackburn, 1895; = Orcus purpureocinctus Lea, 1902); Orcus punctulatus Blackburn, 1892b (= O. beneficus Weise, 1913). Parapriasus Chapin, 1965 is also considered as a synonym of Orcus Mulsant, 1850. Lectotypes are designated for: Chilocorus australasiae Gadeau de Kerville, 1884; Ch. baileyi Blackburn, 1890; Ch. ñavidus Blackburn, 1892b; Halmus cupripennis Weise, 1923; Orcus beneficus Weise, 1913; Orcus coelestris Blackburn, 1891; Orcus citri Lea, 1902; Orcus clypeatus Weise, 1923; Orcus coxalis Weise, 1917; Orcus evelynensis Weise, 1923; Orcus lecanii Blackburn, 1895; Orcus ovalis Blackburn, 1892b; Orcus punctulatus Blackburn, 1892b, Orcus purpureotinctus Lea, 1902; Orcus quadrimaculatus Gadeau de Kerville, 1884 and Orcus splendens Blackburn, 1892b.
The World species of Rhopalocerus Redtenbacher are reviewed, figured and keyed. The following new species are described: B. camerunensis (Cameroon); B. viti (Togo); B. mirei (Cameroon); B. minimus (Madagascar); B. tuberculatus (Madagascar); B. compa- ctus (Key Island); B. papuanus (New Guinea); B. iviei (New Guinea); B. solomonensis (Solomon Isl.). The generic names Corticoides Fairmaire and Bhopalocerophanus Helleb are considered as synonyms of Bhopalocerus, which forms monogeneric tribe Bhopalocerini. The immature stages and biology of B. rondanii (Villa et Villa) are fully described for the first time. A preliminary key to the World tribes of Oolydiidae and brief discussion are provided.
Review of the O. korbi species-group is given. 5 species and 1 subspecies, including four new taxa are known from Southern Anatolia: O. korbi (Reitter, 1902), O. perarmatus Nabozhenko et Tichý, 2006, O. svetlanae sp. nov. svetlanae subsp. nov., O. svetlanae beydagensis subsp. nov., O. nasreddini sp. nov., O. nialgorzatae sp. nov. Morphological characters of species-group, bionomics and distribution are discussed.
Increase of genetic potential of fast growing chicken broilers to enlarge size of muscles may lead to decrease quality of the meat because of non-adequate amount of nutrient and energy, stored within the eggs, for providing optimal development. Deliver to the chicken embryo additional amount of energy as ATP or ATP attached to the nanoparticles of silver, as a transporting molecule, may promote growth and development of breast muscle. The objective of the investigation was to evaluate the effect of Ag nanoparticles and ATP, administrated in ovo to the embryo, on the morphology of pectoral muscle. The fertilised eggs of Ross 308 (160) were divided into four groups (4 x 40 eggs): without injection (control), with injection of hydrocol-loid of Ag nanoparticles (Nano-Ag), with injection of hydrocolloid of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and with injection of Nano-Ag conjugated with adenosine triphosphate (Nano-Ag/ATP). At day one of incubation, the eggs were injected into the air sac with 0.3 ml of experimental solutions. Chicken embryo morphology was evaluated according to the Hamburger-Hamilton standard stages of embryo development, furthermore, pectoral muscle was visualized by TEM. Results showed that Nano-Ag, ATP and Nano-Ag/ATP did not affect negatively growth and development. However, ultra morphology of the cross section of embryo pectoral muscles was better structured and muscle was more dense with myofibers when ATP and Ag nanoparticles were applicated. The results indicate that application of Nano-Ag and ATP in ovo can affect morphology of breast muscle, but not affecting embryo growth.
Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 is a non-native species found in European waters. Analyses of mitten crabs caught in brackish waters (Gulf of Gdańsk, Poland) and in freshwater (Havel River, Germany) have indicated that numerous epibionts (possibly temporary) inhabit the dense setal mats that cover the chelipeds. Of the 950 associates found on 22 crabs collected from brackish water, the most abundant were Nematoda (82.3%), followed by Bivalvia (10.3%), Crustacea (5.6%), Oligochaeta (1.2%) and Gastropoda (0.6%). In comparison, 1280 specimens (Chironomidae – 67.6% and Halacaridae – 32.4%), were identified from 13 crabs collected in freshwater. As this crab can migrate long distances, it is capable of transporting native and non-native species via its mittened claws to new habitats.
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Molluscs as technical models

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