Two discoveries reported in the mid 1970s in hybridoma technology and genetic engineering techniques - have enabled overcoming the difficulties related to the generation of pharmaceuticals from their natural resources, such as blood or human tissues, and in 1982 led to the introduction of the first product of the modern biotechnology, a recombinant insulin, opening the biopharmaceutical era. Among the registered biopharmaceuticals in the 1980s and the early 1990s the majority of the products were identical to the natural forms of the proteins and their amino acid sequences. Currently, the rapid growth of the contribution of the second generation biopharmaceuticals with genetically introduced modifications is observed. All of the biopharmaceuticals registered on the market until 2005 were generated with the application of E. coli bacteria, yeast, or animal cell lines (CHO, BHK). With the possible registration on the market of the recombinant antithrombin, in 2006 the first therapeutic protein produced in milk of the transgenic goats will appear as a new alternative, cheaper and more effective system enabling the production of complex proteins. The biopharmaceuticals can be generated in blood, milk, urine, semen, egg white of the transgenic animals, and the silk glands of silkworms. At present, several dozens of the protein products which are produced in milk of almost all species of farm animals and in the egg white of the hens are subjected to studies at the clinical phase.
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