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The capacities of differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis BCG from other members of M. tuberculosis complex species using PCR-RFLP, multiplex PCR, and PCR-based genomic deletion analysis approaches were compared. In the study, mycobacteria isolated from patients suspected of adverse events following vaccination with BCG, primarily classified according presence of RD1 marker as virulent and avirulent mycobacteria, were used. The PCR-based genomic deletion analysis was found the best option for mycobacteria diagnostics improvement, as it was capable precisely differentiate virulent and avirulent mycobacteria or virulent species of M. tuberculosis complex. The routine confirmation of mycobacteria species in the cases of adverse events following BCG vaccination is highly expected, especially in clinical practice of patients with primary immunodeficiency.
Introduction. Nowadays, preventive vaccination is still the most effective method of countering and combating infectious diseases. Objective. The objective of the present study was to take into consideration the education of the respondents while learning about their views and attitudes towards both compulsory and recommended preventive vaccination in Poland. Materials and methods. An interview survey was conducted among 370 respondents – students and young parents residing in the Lublin province of eastern Poland. The research tools were an authors’ questionnaire and a Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOS-29). Results. The majority of respondents with secondary education (77.40%), undergraduate education (63.71%), and graduate education (55.07%) stated that sometimes preventive vaccination may have life-threatening consequences. A very small percentage of both groups of respondents with secondary and undergraduate education expressed the opinion that such situations often happen (1.69% vs. 1.61%), but this opinion was not shared by any of the respondents with graduate education. Analyzing the dependency between the sense of coherence and one’s level of education, a significant difference between the respondents with secondary education and undergraduate education was observed. Although differences between respondents with graduate education and respondents with undergraduate education existed, they were not very significant. Conclusions. The educational background of the respondents has an impact on their opinions on preventive vaccination. The great majority of respondents believed that vaccination is necessary in order to avoid many dangerous diseases. Respondents with graduate education evaluated preventive vaccination in a positive or a very positive way. The subjects differed in their global sense of coherence together with its components. The general sense of coherence stood at an average level, with the mean of 129.02 points. The highest results were obtained by the respondents in the area of resourcefulness, which is a belief that they had at their disposal remedial resources, including preventive vaccination.
Immunologically mediated protection against H. pylori infection is an attractive alternative to antibiotic treatment. We compared the efficacy of conventional protein vaccination with that of genetic vaccination against experimental infection with H. pylori in mice. For oral immunization, we used the recombinant peptide of an antigenic fragment of UreB (rUreB) or H. pyloriwhole cell lysate antigens, and for genetic immunization, we used recombinant pcDNA and pSec plasmids inserted with the fragment of ureB or DNA of the H. pylori genomic library. Mice were challenged with the mouse stomachadapted H. pylori Sidney Strain. The detection of gastric bacterial colonization was performed by real-time PCR of a 26-kDa Helicobacter-specific gene, and the presence of serum H. pylori-specific antibodies was determined using direct ELISA assay. The most effective treatment appeared to be oral vaccination with rUreB and either intramuscular or intradermal vaccination with DNA of the H. pylori genomic library. Intradermal genetic vaccination with genomic library DNA significantly increased the IgG antibody response. Our study revealed acceptable efficacies of genetic vaccination with DNA of the H. pylori genomic library.
The first Aujeszky's disease (AD) vaccination - eradication programme in Poland was introduced in two different in size farrow-to-finish farms with a high percentage of latently infected pigs. All the pigs were vaccinated with gE- and TK-negative vaccine Nobi-Porvac Aujeszky Live Begonia (Intervet, Holland) according to the following schedule: breeding stock twice with a 4-week interval and then 3 times yearly, replacement gilts at 10-12 weeks of age, 4 weeks later and then together with sows and boars, fattening pigs twice at 10-12 weeks of age and 4 weeks later. In both herds clinical signs, postvaccinal humoral immune response as well as gE-seroprevalence were examined. After introduction of the vaccination programme no clinical signs of AD and neither local nor general adverse effects in pigs were observed. In the sows tested the vaccination schedule enabled high levels of neutralizing antibodies to be maintained. In the fattening pigs born to the vaccinated sows low antibody levels after the first and regular booster effect two weeks after the second vaccination were observed. An intensive vaccination programme is a good tool to minimize AD virus infections in pigs and, in conjunction with normal breeding stock turnover, strongly reduces the prevalence of gE-seropositive breeding and fattening pigs.
The ELISA was used to measure anti-Pasteurella multocida IgG levels in the serum of 30 geese collected randomly from a 300-goose flock aged 2 months and vaccinated against pasteurellosis with the Pastivac E vaccine comprising Polish isolates of serotypes 1 and 3 with oil adjuvant. The blood was sampled every 14 days for 2 months from two groups of 10 birds each vaccinated singly and doubly and from non-vaccinated considered the controls. The ELISA kits were prepared by the author's procedure because no commercial kits for goose blood were available. An increase in anti-P. multocida IgG level was found after each vaccination.
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