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Aspekty udostępniania lasów do celów rekreacyjnych

100%

Kikulski J.

Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej

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2011

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tom 13

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nr 3[28]

2

Ocena potencjału rekreacyjnego lasów w terenie o zróżnicowanej orografii na przykładzie Czarnorzecko-Strzyżowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego

88%

Dudek T.

Sylwan

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2013

|

tom 157

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nr 10

This article presents results of the pilot research conducted in the Carpathian Foothills. The research concerned the forest recreation in upland and mountain forests. For the purpose of the implemented research, method of recreational valuation of forests, developed at the Forest Research Institute was modified adopting it to areas of diverse relief.

3

Rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu w bilansie rocznym nadleśnictwa a szacunkowa wartość rekreacyjnej funkcji lasów

75%

Dudek T.

Sylwan

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2017

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tom 161

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nr 09

The study was designed to determine current recreational value of the state forests in Poland from the viewpoint of their administrator (i.e. the State Forests National Forest Holding) and to compare this findings with the value estimated by other researchers. The research was conducted in 31% of all the forest districts administered by the State Forests. The survey was sent to these units by e−mail. It contained two questions about: (1) what part of the total annual expenditures of the forest district is connected with recreational development and use of forests, and (2) what part of the total annual revenues of the forest district is generated by recreational use of forests. Afterwards, the current recreational value of the State Forests was calculated. Budget related data come from the annual financial and operational statement of the State Forests. The findings show that operations linked with recreational use of forests in majority of the forest districts generate losses and only in some of them measurable financial gains are recorded. Costs linked to recreational use of forests are incurred by nearly all districts (97%), yet in the most cases they account for up to 3% of the total disbursements. Only 25% of the forest districts recorded revenues from this type of operations. The current recreational value of the State Forests in Poland is estimated to circa 8 USD/ha. Notably, this is a mean value for all national forests in Poland, yet not all of them are equally attractive to visitors. The relevant value for only urban and suburban forests equals 94 USD/ha, which is approximately 10% of the estimated value reported by other researchers. It can be assumed that the remaining part of the revenues generated by recreational function of forests represent earnings of local businesses (accommodation, catering, grocery shops, souvenirs, transport and other services). The present findings provide important information for the State Forest administrators and for the public. Forest administrators should seek the possibility to change above mentioned disadvantageous ratio to at least one of 3:7. Given this, a change in the national forest policy would be worth considering; a proposal for such transformation is presented.

4

Dzialki wiejskich rodzin bezrolnych

75%

Sarnecki J.

Komunikaty, Raporty, Ekspertyzy. Instytut Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej

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2003

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nr 485

1-18

5

Prowadzenie gospodarki leśnej a rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu

75%

Kikulski J.

Sylwan

|

2011

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tom 155

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nr 04

6

Wpływ gospodarki leśnej na przydatność lasów podmiejskich do rekreacji

75%

Dudek T.

Sylwan

|

2017

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tom 161

|

nr 07

The article is related to recreational use of forests, a dynamically growing sector of forest exploitation complying with the European model of multifunctional forestry. The study examined the relation between selected forestry operations performed in forests and the level of their recreational usefulness (recreational potential), and separately between the type of forest−hold and the dominant function of forest versus its usefulness for recreation. The study was carried out in south−eastern Poland, in suburban forests of Rzeszów. Recreational potential was determined with the use of method commonly applied in Poland, based on assessment of several features of tree stands i.e. habitat moisture, age of tree stands, inclination of the terrain, stand density, presence of undergrowth and underbrush, soil cover, species composition of the stand. The relationships were examined with chi−squared test and their strength was assessed with Cramér V index. Tree stands with recreational value account for nearly 72% of the relevant forest area. Mean recreational capacity of the forests amounted to 2.19 man−hour/ha/day. The results show statistically significant effect of forest management in recreational usefulness of tree stands. In the case of forestry operations and type of forest−hold, the relationship is weak, but moderate for forest function. The stands with the largest recreational usefulness where those in which lumber is acquired from small felling sites (92% of these were useful for recreation), or those located in protection forests and fulfilling water protection functions (not to be confused with protection of water intakes, i.e. special forests). Protection forests were found with twice as many recreationally useful stands (60%) than commercial forests (32%). Similarly, water−protecting forests were twice as useful for recreation (78%) as forests protecting urban areas (35%) and forests damaged by industry (37%). The main factors reducing recreational usefulness of forests include dense undergrowth and underbrush (≥40% of land cover). The study identifies the elements of commercial forestry resulting in greater recreational usefulness of forests; hence it is possible to designate tree stands, which can be additionally developed for tourism related purposes without a need to modify the existing principles of forest management. On the other hand, in forests accessible for leisure, foresters can enhance the increase in recreational potential of forests by conducting planned commercial operations.

7

Rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu - deklarowana świadomość i odniesienia społeczne do stosowanych ograniczeń

75%

Kikulski J.

Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej

|

2010

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tom 12

|

nr 1[24]

8

Zachowanie sie koni i jego wplyw na uzytkowanie sportowe i rekreacyjne

75%

Jezierski T., Jaworski Z., Gorecka A.

Przegląd Hodowlany

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2006

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tom 74

|

nr 09

11-1

9

Ocena i eksploatacja koni rekreacyjnych w makroregionie srodkowowschodnim

75%

Pietrzak S., Krzyzanowski R., Strzelec K.

Folia Universitatis Agriculturae Stetinensis. Zootechnica

|

2000

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nr 40

185-198

10

Wplyw wysilku wynikajacego z uzytkowania rekreacyjnego koni bilgorajskich na wybrane wskazniki hematologiczne

75%

Bis-Wencel H., Saba L., Kapron B., Pyzik-Moleda M., Likos B., Holoda E.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica

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2004

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tom 22

271-275

11

Wybrane aspekty zrównoważonego użytkowania lasu w nawiązaniu do programu zrównoważonego rozwoju - przykład Polski

63%

Dudek T., Zieba W.

Sylwan

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2018

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tom 162

|

nr 06

The paper presents the ideas of sustainable development with regard to the specific forest issues and management of its resources. We consider two main directions of forest use, which have the greatest impact on the condition of forest environment, i.e. logging and recreational use of the forest. This confrontation shows how effective the instruments of sustainable development are in collision with, on the one hand, the pragmatic−economic issue of profitability and a specific profit from logging, and, on the other hand, with the autotelic tourist exploration of the forest. The aim of the paper was to discuss selected aspects of sustainable forest use with regard to the sustainable development program and to identify problems, which modern forest management (forest utilisation) faces as a result of society’s expectations and the possibilities of today’s forestry in Poland. The example of Poland shows that there is a full understanding of the need to preserve the forests in the landscape, which was reflected in the form of legal acts and adopted international regulations for sustainable forest management (most forests in Poland have PEFC and FSC certificates). However, considering forest use as one of the main branches of forest management, there is still a large deficit of pro−ecological logging technologies in Poland, especially from difficult mountain areas (about 150 cableways missing), which is largely due to economic factor. The other problem of sustainable forest use in Poland is still low social awareness of the consequences of negative human impact on the forest ecosystem, which is manifested, i.e. littering in forests. Garbage is left both during leisure in forest as well as brought in larger quantities creating so−called wild dumping sites frequently containing also hazardous waste. Another problem of contemporary forest use is the maintenance of durability of forest ecosystems in recreational and tourist areas, especially protected areas, and above all in national parks, most of which in Poland have a forest character. The scale of threat to forest sustainability is incomparably higher here than in economic forests, which results from the large number of visitors in the national parks.

12

Społeczna ocena komunikacyjnego udostępnienia lasów do celów rekreacyjnych i turystycznych

63%

Kikulski J.

Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej

|

2013

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tom 15

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nr 4[37]

13

Preferencje społeczne dotyczące rekreacji w lasach Mazowieckiego Parku Krajobrazowego w latach 2000 i 2012

63%

Janeczko E., Woznicka M., Tomusiak R., Dawidziuk A., Kargul-Plewa D., Janeczko K.

Sylwan

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2017

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tom 161

|

nr 05

The article presents the changes in the preferences of people vacationing in the forests of the Mazowiecki Landscape Park (MPK) in the years 2000−2012. The study covered the preferences for the frequency and duration of rest in the forest and the places and forms of recreation carried out in the MPK forests. These preferences were established on the basis of surveys conducted in the field. In 2000, a questionnaire was sent to 755 people vacationing in the MPK forests. In 2012, the survey covered 390 people vacationing within the MPK. In both cases, the survey involved people over 18 years of age. Preferences of respondents in both studies were compared using the chi−square independence test. The results showed that within twelve years the preferences of respondents in the frequency range of leisure, choice of the place and forms of recreation changed significantly. There was an increase in the number of respondents frequently utilising the MPK forests for recreation and leisure interested in areas equipped with appropriate recreational infrastructure. The share of respondents making such recreational activities in forests as horse riding, cycling and observing nature significantly increased, while the preferences for the duration of rest in the forest have not changed. Still, the MPK forests are primarily a place of the weekend rest. The results indicate that the preferences of recreational users of the forest are largely related to the scope of access to and management of the forest.

14

Zagrozenie jezior Wielkopolskiego Parku Narodowego przez czynniki zewnetrzne

63%

Szyper H., Romanowicz W., Goldyn R.

Seria Biologiczna. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

|

2001

|

tom 66

427-472

15

Potrzeba specjalizacji w rybacko-rekreacyjnym uzytkowaniu wod powierzchniowych

63%

Rozanski S.

Komunikaty Rybackie

|

2008

|

nr 5

18-23

16

Status i przyszłość użytkowania rekreacyjnego lasu w opinii pracowników Lasów Państwowych

63%

Dudek T.

Sylwan

|

2017

|

tom 161

|

nr 03

The study examines opinions of the State Forest National Forest Holding employees related to the status and future of recreational use of forests as part of forest management in Poland. The survey based on closed questions and was carried out in a randomly selected group of 386 employees of Regional Directorates of the State Forests in Białystok, Katowice, Krosno, Radom, Warszawa and Zielona Góra. The survey was sent to forest districts by e−mail. Almost half of the respondents (44.27%) reckon that forest−based recreation may constitute a significant source of income for the State Forests. Majority of this group (80%) recognize this as an opportunity only for frequently visited forest complexes. According to the vast majority of the respondents (73.44%) fees for various types of forest−based recreation should be collected: from entities financially benefiting from recreational use of forests – 54.95% of the respondents; in designated forests developed for recreational purposes – 14.58%; from all users, in all forests – 3.91%. Stability of forest ecosystems is endangered by recreational use of forests at a moderate level according to over half of the respondents (53.91%), at a low level according to 35.16%, and at a high level in the opinion of 7.55% of the respondents. Nearly half of the respondents (48.44%) agree that current level of recreational development of forests is insufficient to meet public needs. It is satisfactory or too high according to 40.89% and 3.91%, respectively. The sources of knowledge indicated by the respondents included, most frequently, personal observation and experience – 36.50%, followed by: specialist magazines (19.25%), school (17.37%), mass media or trainings in the organization (in each case 11.95%), and another person (2.98%). Majority of the surveyed employees of the State Forests (53.65%) consider that in the present economic situation forest−based recreation will not play a significant role in the structure of the organization's revenues. Over half of the respondents (54.5%) are in favour of the present status quo regarding fees for recreational use of forests. Vast majority of the respondents (89.07%) do not recognize significance of hazards to forest ecosystem stability resulting from recreational use of forests. It would be advisable to initiate additional trainings related to this problem.

17

Turystyczno-rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu - wybrane zagadnienia edukacyjne i badawcze

63%

Janeczko E., Woznicka M.

Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej

|

2014

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tom 16

|

nr 2B[39]

18

Zmiany w krajobrazie wynikające z zaniechania użytkowania rekreacyjnego

63%

Ruszczycka-Mizera M.

Problemy Ekologii Krajobrazu

|

1999

|

tom 05

19

Preferencje społeczne dotyczące biegania jako formy aktywnego spędzania czasu wolnego w lasach

63%

Janeczko E., Tomusiak R., Woznicka M., Janeczko K.

Sylwan

|

2018

|

tom 162

|

nr 04

The article presents the results of questionnaire survey, which aimed to determine social preferences in relation to running as a form of active leisure time in the forests. In 2016 the survey covered 346 people over 18 years of age. As a research tool we used an internet questionnaire, which included questions about such issues as: the frequency of running in the forest, the preferred season and the views on advantages and disadvantages of running in forest areas. The questionnaire was distributed via social media (eg Facebook) among people interested in running. Statistical analysis of the impact of personal characteristics (gender, age, place of residence) and experience in running on the respondent preferences was carried out using the chi−square test. Men dominated among the respondents. The majority were people aged 35−44 and urban residents. Over half of the respondents declared that they are doing athletic or recreational running for more than 4 years. Results show that forests in Poland are an attractive place for running. The most preferred season for running in the forest was summer and spring. Most respondents run in the forest several times a week. The most frequently mentioned advantages of running in the forest included: contact with nature, clean air, and landscape – pleasant environment. Subsequently, the respondents pointed to the lack of traffic control infrastructure, and lack or a small number of other recreational people. Among the disadvantages of running in the forest, respondents mentioned mainly: the presence of tick, hunters, and lack of clearly marked and illuminated routes. Other factors limiting the comfort of running in the forests were: uneven road surface or problems with phone connection. The results showed that the preferences varied significantly, mainly in terms of gender, age and experience in running. The age and experience of respondents have an influence on preferences regarding the frequency of running in forests. The preferences of the respondents referring to the advantages and disadvantages of running in the forests are different due to gender, age and number of years of their experience. The analysis of respondents’ preferences leads to the conclusion that for the development of running in forests, promoting the forest as a friendly running place, it is important to have appropriate recreational forest management, including, first of all, proper layout of forest road networks and their markings.

20

Ocena znaczenia zakazu wstępu do lasu z powodu zagrożenia epidemią COVID-19 dla wypoczywających w lesie

63%

Kukulski J.

Sylwan

|

2021

|

tom 165

|

nr 04

Ograniczanie wyników

Aspekty udostępniania lasów do celów rekreacyjnych

Ocena potencjału rekreacyjnego lasów w terenie o zróżnicowanej orografii na przykładzie Czarnorzecko-Strzyżowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego

Rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu w bilansie rocznym nadleśnictwa a szacunkowa wartość rekreacyjnej funkcji lasów

Dzialki wiejskich rodzin bezrolnych

Prowadzenie gospodarki leśnej a rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu

Wpływ gospodarki leśnej na przydatność lasów podmiejskich do rekreacji

Rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu - deklarowana świadomość i odniesienia społeczne do stosowanych ograniczeń

Zachowanie sie koni i jego wplyw na uzytkowanie sportowe i rekreacyjne

Ocena i eksploatacja koni rekreacyjnych w makroregionie srodkowowschodnim

Wplyw wysilku wynikajacego z uzytkowania rekreacyjnego koni bilgorajskich na wybrane wskazniki hematologiczne

Wybrane aspekty zrównoważonego użytkowania lasu w nawiązaniu do programu zrównoważonego rozwoju - przykład Polski

Społeczna ocena komunikacyjnego udostępnienia lasów do celów rekreacyjnych i turystycznych

Preferencje społeczne dotyczące rekreacji w lasach Mazowieckiego Parku Krajobrazowego w latach 2000 i 2012

Zagrozenie jezior Wielkopolskiego Parku Narodowego przez czynniki zewnetrzne

Potrzeba specjalizacji w rybacko-rekreacyjnym uzytkowaniu wod powierzchniowych

Status i przyszłość użytkowania rekreacyjnego lasu w opinii pracowników Lasów Państwowych

Turystyczno-rekreacyjne użytkowanie lasu - wybrane zagadnienia edukacyjne i badawcze

Zmiany w krajobrazie wynikające z zaniechania użytkowania rekreacyjnego

Preferencje społeczne dotyczące biegania jako formy aktywnego spędzania czasu wolnego w lasach

Ocena znaczenia zakazu wstępu do lasu z powodu zagrożenia epidemią COVID-19 dla wypoczywających w lesie