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The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of peripheral blood granulocytes in rabbits with chronic trichophytosis by using commercial sets of Phagotest and Burstest adopted to flow cytometry. A strong suppression of unspecific cellular immune responses was found in rabbits with chronic trichophytosis. Once fungal infection is established it can only be destroyed by T cell-mediated mechanisms. T cells primarily function by activating macrophages and by promoting epidermal growth and keratinization. The destroyed unspecific immune mechanisms are manifested by decreased phagocyte activity and oxygen metabolism of granulocytes. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that when vaccine therapy is used to treat chronic trichophytosis in rabbits with unspecific immunity it should be modulated in order to restore the destroyed mechanisms of unspecific immunity. The latter's normal functioning is a prerequisite for the development of specific antifungal immunity.
The aim of the study was to carry out a cytometric analysis of a lymphocyte subpopulation with markers CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 and CD25 and to ascertain the serum level of TNF-α and IL-10 in the peripheral blood of rabbits with chronic trichophytosis, caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The suppression of cellular immune responses in trichophytic rabbits was characterized by an increase in the percentage of suppressor lymphocytes TCD8⁺ and a decrease in the proportion of TCD4⁺/TCD8⁺. The immunological profile of rabbits with chronic trichophytosis was characterized by an increased level of Th2 and, hence, by an increased production of IL-10. The high concentrations of IL-10 most probably generated anergic lymphocytes TCD4⁺ and TCD8⁺ which, in turn, induced antigenic specific immunosuppression. This is due to the key role that this cytokine plays in regulating immune responses aimed at restricting inflammation and increasing humoral immune responses while simultaneously blocking Th1 type cytokines.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD25 T lymphocyte subpopulations and the state of granulocytes activity in the peripheral blood of rabbits infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes and immunized against trichophytosis by using the flow cytometry method. Our study revealed significant suppression of non-specific cellular antimycotic immunity in rabbits during the development of fungal lesions, which manifested a significant decrease in the phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of granulocytes and the decrease of CD3, CD4 subpopulations and CD25 T lymphocytes. Simultaneously, the increase of suppressor CD8 T cells and CD4/CD8 T-cells ratio were observed. The vaccine Alopevac can be used as an effective vaccine against rabbit trichophytosis. Alopevac restored non-specific cellular antimycotic immunity and proper CD4/CD8 T-cells ratio, which contributed to the effective elimination of fungal lesions.
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