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The aim of the study was to determine whether high doses of Vitamin C may alleviate the effects of oxidative stress caused by ozone, or whether they actually intensify its course and demonstrate pro-oxidative activity. The experiment was conducted on adult male rats divided into 6 groups: Group I - control animals; Group II and III - animals which were simultaneously ozonated and administered intramuscular injections of Vit C in doses of 20 and 40 mg/rat respectively; Group IV and V - non-ozonated animals, which were administered the above doses of Vit C every fifth day for a period of 35 days; Group VI - rats ozonated without Vit C. The results of the study indicated that the highest level of indexes defining the intensity of oxidative stress occurred both in animals which were ozonated and given high doses of Vit C as well as in non-ozonated animals which were given high doses the vitamin. AST activity and glucose levels were also highest in the above groups and displayed a similar pattern. It may thus be assumed that high doses of Vit C do not prevent organisms from ozone-induced oxidative stress, and may even increase its intensity
Senescence of the organism is a consequence of several molecular (induction of proapoptotic genes expression, DNA damage) and biochemical changes, which gradually leads to the degeneration of some systems and organs. One of the most important features of progressive senescence is also a decreased response of the immunological system (proinflammatory response), which may result in a higher susceptibility to infection. The process of oncogenesis is closely associated with the age of an animal and progressive senescence. However, the proper assessment of the association between the induction of oncogenesis and senescence is problematic, mainly with regards to several species specific features like the weight of a dog or its breed. Moreover, the association between the activity of the immunological system and oncogenesis in a dog in an age-dependent manner is also unclear. Studies have suggested that the main factors which influence the process of senescence and oncogenesis are: DNA damage, spontaneous mutations, increase of oxidative stress and decrease of immunological system activity. In this article, the mechanisms and factors associated with oncogenesis and canine senescence have been presented. The authors have also described the role of selected proteins in the induction of these processes.
The data from the first investigatiom of a new antioxidants family – peroxidoxins - in parasites. The properties and mechanism of action of a new family of antioxidants-peroxidoxins have been described. The properties of parasitic peroxidoxins in some helminths and protozoans discovered as a result of genom sequencing and expressed sequence tag (EST) project have been presented. The data described untill now from a number of studies with parasites indicate that the family of peroxidoxins, very important for the host-parasite interactions may be in future a potential candidate vaccine molecules in some systems.
The attention recently being paid to strain induction of oxidative stress has resulted in numerous studies, conducted mainly on sportsmen and laboratory animals, the majority of which focused on performing tests during a strenuous endurance effort (15, 31, 41, 54). As a consequence, the disturbance of the pro-oxidative/ anti-oxidative balance has been noted, which in most cases was manifested by a drop of activity of the main anti-oxidative enzymes in erythrocytes and muscle cells (65, 68), as well as an increase in content of products of lipid peroxidation in blood (11, 15, 58, 68). In spite of some discrepancies between them, the results of the research so far seem to indicate that the level of oxidative stress remains closely connected with the intensity and duration of physical strain (20, 42, 62). The aim of the paper was to present the impact of physical effort on the induction of oxidative stress in horses and to describe the features of anti-oxidative protection, in spite of some discrepancies between them, of the organism.
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