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The primary structure of porcine spleen RNase (RNase Psp1) was investigated as a mean of assessing the structure-function relationship of base non-specific ribonucleases of animal origin. N-terminal analysis of RNase Psp1 yielded three N-terminal sequences. These peptides were separated by gel-filtration on Superdex 75HR, after reduction and S-carboxymethylation of RNase Psp1. Determination of the amino-acid sequence of these peptides indicated that the RNase Psp1 preparation consisted of three peptides having 20 (RCM RNase Psp1 pep1), 15 (RCM RNase Psp1 pep2), and 164 (RCM RNase Psp1 pro) amino-acid residues, respectively. It possessed two unique segments containing most of the active site amino-acid residues of the RNases of the RNase T2 family. The alignment of these three peptides in RNase Psp1 was determined by comparison with the other enzymes in the RNase T2 family. The overall results showed that RCM RNase Psp1 pep1 and RCM RNase Psp1 pep2 are derived from the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of RNase Psp1, respectively, probably by processing by some protease. The molecular mass of the protein moiety of RNase Psp1 was 23235 Da.
The study aimed at the analysis of splenic pathologic lesions in mix-breed dogs of varied age and sex in the Lublin Province in 2005-2008. The research material comprised 33 spleen specimens collected both during surgery and post mortem. The material was fixed in 4% buffered formalin, dehydrated, and paraffin-embedded. The 4-µm-thick sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The non-cancerous lesions were detected in young dogs under 2 years of age. Angiosarcoma proved to be the most common lesion and accounted for over 36% of total cases, followed by haemangioma recognised in above 27% of all cases. Nodular hyperplasia, hyperaemia, histiocytic sarcomas, haemangiopericytomas, lymphomas, and necrotic lesions were observed in notable minority of cases.
The aim of our work was to study choosen parameters of iron balance after exposure on low concentration of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). Studies were performed on male Wistar rats of body weight 200 g, which were exposured on NDMA in concentration of 10 μg/dm3, 20 μg/dm3, 50 μg/dm3 in drinking water. The assays of choosen parameters of iron balance (iron concentration in serum, liver and spleen, total and latent serum iron-binding capacity, percentage of transferrin saturation and the concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit value) were performed after 10, 30 and 90 days of exposure. The exposure of animals on NDMA in concentration of 10μg/dm3 did not evoke significant changes in choosen iron balance parameters. After exposure of rats on NDMA in concentration of 20 μg/dm3 the increasing of hemoglobin concentration in dependence on the time of persisting of exposure was observed. The latent iron-binding capacity was decreased in comparison to the control and the percentage of transferrin saturation was significantly increased in 30-th and 90-th day of the experiment. Iron concentration in spleen was increased in dependence on time of persisting of exposure on NDMA. Other parameters were not changed. The exposure of rats on NDMA in concentration of 50 μg/dm3 caused the decreasing of hematocrit value, hemoglobin concentration and iron concentration in serum. The latent iron-binding capacity and percentage of transferrin saturation significantly decreased in comparison to control group. Iron concentration in liver was increasing after 30 days of exposure, but in spleen it was decreasing after the same time. The exposure of animals on NDMA in concentration of 20 μg/dm3 and 50 μg/dm3 caused disturbances of iron balance in rat organism. These changes were different in dependence on the concentration of NDMA.
The spleen is a rare location for hydatid cysts with the larvae reaching the site after escaping the hepatic and pulmonary filters. For most surgeons, splenectomy is the primary treatment in such cases which aims at eradicating the disease while decreasing the chances of recurrence by removing the intact cyst. While this is true, the risks of other two parasitic infections are increased, namely malaria and babesiosis. In the case presented here, the spleen was preserved after extirpating the cyst to keep the patient’s immunity against malaria, which is endemic in our region.
Effect of copper nanoparticles and copper sulfate administered in ovo on copper content in breast muscle, liver and spleen of broiler chickens. The initial experimental material included 300 hatching eggs of Hubbard Flex chickens. The eggs were divided into three groups: control, NanoCu and CuSO4. Eggs from groups NanoCu and CuSO4 were subjected to in ovo injection to the air cell of egg. Experimental solutions were administered by in ovo injection using a sterile needle and a 0.3 mL syringe as follows: NanoCu – colloid of copper nanoparticles, concentration 50 ppm; and CuSO4 – colloid of copper sulfate, concentration 50 ppm. The eggs were incubated under standard conditions. After hatching, 50 chicks were selected from each group for 42-day rearing. The birds were fed standard feed concentrates for broilers. In that last day of rearing (42 day), 12 females and 12 males were selected from each group. The right part of their breast muscle, their liver and spleen were collected for copper content determinations. Results of this experiment confirm previous scientific reports which demonstrate that the greatest accumulation of copper is observed in soft organs like liver or spleen.
 In the beginning of the 20th century, enzymes with proteolytic activity were classified as peptidases, Erepsin, and proteases. Among these, pepsin, trypsin, and autolytic enzymes were of the protease class. Spleen-derived proteases were poorly characterized until Sven Gustaf Hedin performed several digestion experiments with bovine spleen. He incubated minced bovine spleen under acidic or neutral conditions and characterized two active proteases; the results were published in 1903. The first protease was named α-protease and was active under neutral conditions. The second was named β-protease and was active under acidic conditions. We replicated Hedin's experiments according to his methods and found, by using activity-based probes to visualize proteases, that the historical α-protease is the present-day serine protease cathepsin G (CatG), which is known to be important in several immune processes, including antigen processing, chemotaxis, and activation of surface receptors. The β-protease, however, comprised different proteases including CatX, B, S, and D. We suggest that Hedin described CatG activity in bovine spleen over 100 years ago.
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