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Three accessions of winter savory (S. montana) and two other perennials from Satureja genus (S. amoena and S. coeuela) were compared in respect of the content and composition of essential oil, and tannin content as well. The content of essential oil ranged from 0.70% to 1.90%. The main component of essential oil in all accessions was carvacrol. In two populations (5. amoena from Poland and S. montana from Canada) it constituted more than 70%, in three other about 40%. The important constituents were also: γ-terpinene and p-cymene. The content of γ-terpinene ranged from 6.49 to 17.28% and p-cymene from 5.58 to 29.98%. S. coeuela from Austria was characterized by high concentration of terpinene-4-ol (13.92%). The content of tannins in herb ranged from 2.31 (S. montana from Canada) to 4.01% (S. coeuela from Austria).
The content and chemical composition of essential oils in two aromatic seasonings: marjoram and savory, produced by several manufacturers and offered on the Polish market were investigated. The main constituents of all the studied samples of commercial marjoram were terpinen- 4-ol (27–46%), cis-sabinene hydrate (3–21%) and γ-terpinene (8–17%). Polish commercial marjoram belonged to terpinen-4-ol/cis-sabinene hydrate chemotype. Essential oil content ranged from 0.57% to 2.00%. Commercial savory contained from 2.30% to 3.80% essential oil. The main compounds of the oil were carvacrol (39–52%) and γ-terpinene (31–39%). Polish savory belonged to carvacrol/γ-terpinene chemotype.
In 2005-2007, in the field experiment, the yield and quality of summer savory herb of Polish cultivar Saturn in organic farming were tested. The experiment was established on six organic farms and one conventional farm in different localities in Poland. The following features were evaluated: fresh and dried herb yield, stem fraction in herb, seed yield, weight of 1000 seeds, essential oil content, macro- and microelement content, nitrate content and microbiological purity. Only from Słońsk savory herb yield was higher compared with the yield from conventional cultivation though it contained high amount of stems. Organic savory herb was characterized by high content of essential oil and increased content of macro- and microelements. Evaluation of microbiological purity showed that herb contamination from both types of cultivation did not exceed standard for raw materials treated with hot water.
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