Dynamics of sediment amount in the Ciemiega river water during three months of the 1996 vegetative period and its comparison with similar data from 1975 are discussed in this paper. A spectrophotometric method was used to determine water turbidity as a measure of sediment concentration in water.
Electrofishing was carried out at 66 sites in the Słupia River system. Twenty-five fish species were noted. The most frequent were trout (Salmo trutta), three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and bullhead (Cottus gobio). Three groups of sampling sites were distinguished based on fish densities and species composition. These fish assemblages inhabited places that did not differ widely with regard to the 13 environmental parameters assessed. Although there were also no clear sequences of assemblages, the distinct influence of lakes and impoundments was evident.
В труде определяли средние располагаемые расходы рек, являющиеся разницей между актуальным и нерушимым расходом для данного гидрометрического сечения реки.
The results of field research at 230 river sections located throughout Poland were used to examine the possibility of predicting values of macrophyte metrics of ecological status. Artificial intelligence methods such as artificial neural networks were used in the modelling. The physicochemical parameters of water (alkalinity, conductivity, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen, reactive and total phosphorus, and biochemical oxygen demand) were used as the explanatory (modelling) variables. The explained (modelled) parameters were the Polish MIR (Macrophyte Index for Rivers), the British MTR (Mean Trophic Rank) and the French IBMR (River Macrophytes Biological Index). The quality of the constructed models was assessed using the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) and the r–Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient between variables modelled by the networks and calculated on the basis of the botanical research. These analyses demonstrated that the network modelling MIR values had the highest accuracy. The lowest prediction accuracy was obtained for MTR and IBMR indices. The differences between particular models are likely to result from better adjustment of the Polish method to local rivers (particularly in terms of indicator species used).
This report examines the issues of hydrological basis and methods of flood management in the rivers of Azerbaijan and presents a review of methods of flood management applied in Azerbaijan.