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In the years 2015-2016 in Sahryń (50°41′ N, 23°47’ E) a field experiment, with the aim of assessing profitability of foliar nutrition of sugar beet with silicon, was carried out. The following products containing silicon were used in the experiment: Actisil, Herbagreen Z20 and Optysil. Each of them was applied once, twice and thrice. For each combination, the gross production value, the costs of foliar nutrition, the net production value and the profitability index were calculated. The total costs of silicon foliar application varied depending on the number of treatments and the applied product from 50 to 402 PLN/ha. The gross production value of sugar beet due to foliar nutrition with silicon increased by 1.3-22.9% for the research period, and the net production value by 5.5-19.0%. A large variation in the achieved financial results was observed in 2015, in which there were particularly unfavorable conditions for the growth and yield of sugar beet. In the more favorable year for growing sugar beet (2016), the difference was smaller. The largest increase in the gross and net production value of sugar beet was ensured by the double and triple application of Actisil fertilizer and the triple application of the Optysil growth stimulator. However, the largest profitability indicator (11.26) was characterized by a single Optysil growth stimulator application.
The results of research concerning relations between cost structure in a given farm, productivity and efficiency of inputs utilization is presented in this paper. 49 farms from the Wielkopolska region were investigated. It was proved that inputs of current assets constitute the highest share in structure of inputs of production factors. Variability of intermediate consumption in total costs is mainly the reflection of relation between operational and investment activity. The analysis proved that farms with higher intermediate consumption, obtain higher productivity and profitability of land, labour and fixed assets. It can indirectly imply a dominant role of operational activity as far as improvement of inputs utilization efficiency is concerned.
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Profitability of coarse cereals production in India

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This study was aimed at investigating profitability of selected coarse cereals production in major producing states of India through analyzing cost, return and profitability of coarse cereals cultivation. Cost concepts and farm business income measures used for analysis the data ranging from 1980-81 to 2011-12. Net return of coarse cereals cultivation was observed to be highest for maize and it was highest in Bihar (Rs. 15,429/ha) and lowest Uttar Pradesh (Rs. -4,006/ha). Net return from cultivation of sorghum was found to be highest in Andhra Pradesh (Rs. 952/ha) and lowest for Madhya Pradesh (Rs. -1,456/ha). For pearl millet net return was highest in Andhra Pradesh (Rs. 4,995/ha) and lowest for Karnataka (Rs. -1,252/ha) whereas cultivation of finger millet was observed to be at a loss.
A comparative study of the meat processing firms in the Republic of Belarus is performed.. Those situated in Volkovysk region are most profitable and most labour efficient. The difference between the most efficient and the least efficient (they work at a loss) groups of firms is 7.1 percent points in profit margin.
Określono problemy i możliwości zwiększenia opłacalności hodowli królików jako niekonwencjonalnej działalności przedsiębiorczej na obszarach wiejskich. W badaniach poznano opinie właścicieli ferm króliczych o wpływie integracji Polski z Unią Europejską na możliwości rozwoju hodowli królików, w aspekcie zwiększenia jej opłacalności. Badaniami objęto 63 fermy królicze. Właścicielami ferm była ludność rolnicza (15 ferm) i pozarolniczą (48 ferm) na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce. Dobór ferm do badań ankietowych był losowy. Badania przeprowadzono w 2005 roku. Z badań wynika, że 68,3% właścicieli ferm króliczych osiągnęło opłacalność produkcji w ostatnich latach. Z wypowiedzi hodowców wynika, że dochód z hodowli królików wynosi średnio 28,5% ogółu dochodu rodziny i wahał się od 2% do 100%. Jednak z wypowiedzi ponad co drugiego właściciela fermy królików (52,4%) wynika, że dochody z hodowli królików tylko w niewielkim stopniu zaspokajają potrzeby bytowe rodziny. Właściciele tych ferm stwierdzili, że istnieją możliwości zwiększenia dochodów z prowadzonych ferm (27,0%) lub prawdopodobnie istnieją (25,4%). Największą barierą w prowadzeniu ferm króliczych są problemy finansowe, brak popytu na produkty królicze oraz brak odpowiednich pomieszczeń i środków finansowych na ich modernizację. Stwierdzono, że 58,7% właścicieli ferm króliczych pozytywnie oceniło wpływ integracji europejskiej na rozwój ich ferm. W opinii hodowców królików najważniejsze korzyści mogą być następujące: zbyt mięsa króliczego do krajów UE (34,0%), wymiana materiału hodowlanego (27,0%) i wymiana doświadczeń (12,7%). Stwierdzono, że tylko 34,9% polskich hodowców królików posiadało kontakty biznesowe z partnerami zagranicznymi. Natomiast 72,8% hodowców królików chciałoby nawiązać kontakty z fermami i klientami zagranicznymi.
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Oplacalnosc produkcji sadzeniakow

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This paper presents calculations based on results of a field experiment, in which selected potato cultivars grown for industrial processing received different fertilization. The data originated from trials on three potato cultivars: Adam, Pasja Pomorska and Ślęza, at set up at the Research Station in Bałcyny, owned by the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, and completed in 2008-2010. The economic analysis included planned and performed treatments as well as such information as the type of technical equipment, labour and draught force input, or material outlays. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that the three starch potato cultivars responded differently to foliar fertilization. The cv. Pasja Pomorska yielded the highest under soil fertilization with 280 kg·haˉ¹ NPK (80 N, 80 P, 120 K) and foliar application of Basfoliar 12-4-6 in a dose of 8 dm3·haˉ¹. Considering the ratio of the yields to costs, cv. Ślęza was characterized by the best profitability index, which in every technological variant reached a value of over 2.0. From the point of view of rational economy, the most profitable was the fertilization combination which consisted of soil fertilization with 420 kg·haˉ¹ NPK (120 N, 144 P, 156 K) and foliar application of Basfoliar 12-4-6 with Solubor DF in amounts of 4 + 1 dm³·haˉ¹.
The introduction of certain market mechanisms started the transformation process of Polish dairy industry. This process includes, among others, fieice competition between dairy enterprises. In such circumstances, a detailed analysis of prime costs and production profitability is of primary importance. The paper was aimed at an analysis of the above mentioned factors in four dairy cooperatives in the years 1991-1994. All the data were taken from cost sheets of the examined cooperatives. It was found that the costs of raw material occupied a dominant position among the costs of dairy goods production. Their share amounted to 50-70%. Departmental costs constituted a dozen or so of prime costs. The remaining ones, such as the costs of raw material purchase, overhead costs and sale costs were equal to 5-10% of production costs. Butler production brought the examined cooperatives losses, bottled milk production - small profit of several per cent, the production of ripening cheese and cottage cheese - a profit amounting to a dozen per cent or so, while that of skim milk powder - a profit up to 40%, The examined dairy cooperatives differed in the structure and level of prime costs, as well as in the profitability of individual goods production.
Paper presented - on selected examples - relationships between the quality and economic effectiveness of potato production. An important role in this relation play the costs of quality. These costs are strongly differentiated depending on the direction of potato production and utilization. The highest are the costs in case of seed potato production whereas the lowest in case of starchy potatoes. Insufficient predictability of the market is a factor limiting the effectiveness of activities improving the quality of produced potatoes. Consequently, the connection of potato price with their quality is relatively slight.
The study focused on the profitability of pigeon pea production in Riyom LGA of Plateau State. Data for the study were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaires were administered to 80 targeted farmers to get information on their socio-economic characteristics, years of experience in pigeon pea production and the reason for growing pigeon pea. The analytical tool used includes descriptive statistics to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers and farm budgeting technique (gross margin analysis) for assessing the profitability of pigeon pea production. The study also identified the constraints encountered by farmers such as high cost of labour, inadequate processing / storage facilities, problems of access to credit/loans and weed/pest infestation. The results shows that pigeon pea production is profitable with a total variable cost (TVC) at N22620.68 per ha, while gross revenue (GR) was N50185.25 per ha, the profit margin (GM) at N32564.59 and the net return per Naira invested was N0.69. It was recommended that farm inputs and improved seed varieties should be made available to farmers at affordable rates so as to enable them operate at a commercial and profitable level of pigeon pea production. These farmers should be encouraged to form a cooperative society so as to alleviate the problem of credit/ loan acquisition and procurement of genuine products as well as avoid exploitation.
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