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The material consisted of the data concerning reproductive performance traits of the Polish Large White sows, which was used in the breeding value estimation using the BLUP method in second half of May 2008. The analysis covered sows, which gave from one to eight litters. The following two indexes were computed: WI – total number of days from sow birth date to last litter delivery day over the sum of piglets born, and WII – total number of days from sow birth date to last litter delivery day over the sum of piglets in day 21 of live. The values of both indexes decreased with successive litters. Regression coefficients were estimated on the basis of correlation between individual reproduction traits and indexes. The impact of individual traits upon the indexes changed in successive litters during the period of the use of a sow. The impact of total number of piglets in a litter decreased, and the impact of the period between first farrowing and last litter delivery increased. Considering this,longevity of sows may affect pork production profitability.
Chilled pork was stored in the controlled atmosphere (95% of N2 and 5% of 02) and In the air at the temperature of 275 K (TC) for the period of 28 days. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to determine the effect of those two methods of chilled pork preservation on its sense,y quai,ty. The results of the investigation show that pork stored in the air for 15 days and in the controlled atmosphere for 25 days was characterized by similar sensory quality (including aroma, juiciness and payability). It was found that the taste quality of meat stored in the controlled atmosphere tor 5-20 days was good. After 25 days of storage, negative changes were observed in the desirability of aroma, juiciness and payability ot pork. After 30 days, the properties evaluated improved.
Pork meat (m. longissimus dorsi) was treated with high pressure of 100, 200, 300 and 400 MPa. The pressure was applied for 10 minutes at room temperature. The concentration of hydrogen ions increased by 0.2 units within the pressure range of 300 and 500 MPa. The application of 300 and 400 MPa resulted in the increase of drip loss and contributed to the decrease in free water content compared to the control sample. All tested pressures caused a decrease in added water and thermal drip. The changes of these parameters strengthened with the increase of pressure applied. Pressures between 100 and 200 MPa slightly brightened the meat color but significant changes of this parameter began at 300 MPa. The greatest increase in color brightness and the largest share of the denatured myoglobin were observed following the application of 400 MPa.
The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the processing value of pork obtained from different breeds reared in Poland. The research material consisted of a part of the m. longissimus thoracis obtained from pigs of different breeds: Duroc, Pietrain, Polish Large White, Polish Landrace and Line 990. It was found that the breed is responsible for significant differences in the quality features of pork. Among the samples analysed, meat from Duroc porkers proved to be of the highest, while that from Pietrain porkers of the lowest quality. Pork from the Duroc breed had the highest content of intramuscular fat, which affected the shear and compression force, two traits having a significant effect on sensory quality. Pork from Pietrain porkers was estimated to have a low processing as well as culinary quality. The significantly lower pH, observed in pork from this breed, resulted in a higher colour lightness and lower water holding capacity. Additionally, such pork demonstrated a hard texture (high shear and compression force). On the basis of the study results one may state that programmes aiming at the improvement of pork quality in Poland should include a wider use of the Duroc and limit the use of the Pietrain breed.
The aim of this work was to assess contamination level of meat, available at the retail market in Szczecin, with Campylobacter spp. In total, 172 samples, including 65 poultry, 57 pork and 50 beef half-carcasses were tested. Campylobacters were isolated from 73.8; 66.7 and 66.0% of smear samples tested, respectively. Numbers of campylobacters on poultry were by one order of magnitude higher than on pork and beef half-carcasses and exceeded 103 CFU per 1cm2 of skin.
The experiment was conducted on samples of the dorsal muscle (musculus longissimus dorsi), taken from 60 carcasses of fattening pigs with average live weight of ca. 110 kg, characterized by meat of normal quality. A total of 120 samples, each weighing ca. 500 g, were collected. They were divided into two groups and frozen according to a cryogenic-ventilation method (60 samples) and a ventilation method (60 samples). After 2 weeks, 6, 12 and 18 months of storage at a temperature of 245 K (-28°C), the samples were taken for laboratory analyses. It was confirmed that freezing of portioned pork according to the cryogenic-ventilation method allows prevention of excessive raw material loss during chilling, storing and thawing. After two weeks of cold storage, pork frozen in the cryogenic-ventilation system was characterized by higher pH, a slightly darker colour and better water-holding capacity than pork frozen in the ventilation system. During a long period of cold storage its pH decreased, the colour became lighter and the water-holding capacity decreased to a lower extent than in the samples frozen according to the ventilation method. An analysis of hydrolytic and oxidative changes in intramuscular lipids confirms that pork may be stored up to 18 months regardless of the freezing method employed.
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Meat quality in pigs fed mixtures with low-tannin faba bean. The aim of the study was to evaluate slaughter values of carcasses and meat (M. longissimus lumborum, M. semimembranosus) quality in pigs fed mixtures with faba beans. Research included 48 fatteners, which were divided into three feeding groups. Pigs in group I were fed mixtures in which extracted soybean meal was used as the only high-protein raw material, whereas animals in groups II and III were fed mixtures with 5/10% or 10/20% of low-tannin faba bean in grower/ finisher mixtures respectively. It was proved, that introduction of faba bean into mixtures increased of meatiness and loin “eye” area and decreased of carcass fatness. The significant increase in the share of the most valuable exogenous fatty acids (C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3) in muscles II and III groupswere found. The M. longissimus lumborum in pigs fed mixtures with faba beans were characterized by significantly better water holding capacity WHC (P ≤0.01).
The objective of this study was to determine the quality of meat from pigs housed on litter and in litterless pens and fed during the fattening period (from 48 kg to 105 kg bw) complete diets and complete diets supplemented with green forage. Hybrid growing-finishing pigs [♀ ( ♀Polish Landrace x ♂Polish Large White) x ♂( ♀Pietrain x ♂Duroc)] were divided into 4 experimental groups, each of 12 animals. M. longissimus dorsi samples were collected from pig carcasses for an analysis of proximate chemical composition and physicochemical properties. It was found that the applied feeding and housing conditions had no significant effect on the chemical composition and quality of pork (m. longissimus dorsi).
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