Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

Attempts to eliminate tomato spotted wilt virus from chrysanthemum plants by meristem-tip culture

100%

Balukiewicz A., Kryczynski S.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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2001

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tom 21

2

The reaction of Arabidopsis thaliana roots infected with Plasmodiophora brassicae

100%

Brzezicka-Szymczyk K., Grymaszewska G., Golinowski W.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2003

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tom 01

3

International conference on integrated plant disease management for sustainable agriculture, New Delhi, 10-15 November 1997

100%

Manka M., Sobiczewski P.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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1998

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tom 15

4

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First report of Fusarium solani causing stem rot of Dracaena in Iran

88%

Abedi-Tizaki M., Zafari D., Sadeghi J.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2016

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tom 56

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nr 1

In July 2013, symptoms of stem rot were observed in the Dracaena sanderiana cuttings in greenhouses of Mahallat County, Markazi Province, Iran. The symptoms first appeared as severe wilting. Later, leaves became brown and necrotic. Symptoms on the cuttings were observed as rotted areas on the middle of the stems. The cortical tissues of the plants showed a distinct brown discoloration. Eventually, the infected plants died. The pathogen was isolated from Dracaena stems and identified as F. solani by a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene. Fusarium solani was confirmed by a pathogenicity test, and the causal agent was re-isolated from infected D. sanderiana plants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stem rot caused by F. solani on the cuttings of D. sanderiana.

5

Efficacy of fungicides and essential oils against bacterial diseases of fruit trees

88%

Mikicinski A., Sobiczewski P., Berczynski S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2012

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tom 52

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nr 4

In the framework of the performed studies, the antibacterial activity of the following fungicides was evaluated: Miedzian 50 WG (active substance - a.s. 50% copper oxychloride), Ridomil MZ Gold 68 WG (a.s. 3.8% metalaxyl-M and 64%, mancozeb), Euparen Multi 50 WG (a.s. 50% tolylfluanid), Captan 80 WG [a.s. 80% N-(captan)], Dithane Neotec 75 WG (a.s. 75% mancozeb). The evaluation also concerned the essential oils: lavender, sage, lemon balm, clove, and a preparation based on thyme oil (BioZell). Each preparation and compound was tested against the following bacterial pathogens: Erwinia amylovora, Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina, X. arboricola pv. juglandis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Agrobacterium tumefaciens (presently Rhizobium radiobacter). Each preparation and compound was tested at a concentration of 1,000 ppm of active substance. Copper oxychloride was also tested at a concentration of 1,500 ppm. Among the tested fungicides, metalaxyl-M with mancozeb, mancozeb alone, and copper oxychloride inhibited all of the tested strains of pathogenic bacteria. Tolylfluanid did not inhibit any of the bacteria used. Out of the investigated essential oils, the strongest inhibitors of bacteria were: sage, cloves, and BioZell. The protective activity of the above mentioned fungicides was also evaluated in vivo. They were assessed against fire blight on apple blossoms and pear fruitlets, against bacterial canker on sweet cherry fruitlets, and against crown gall on sunflower seedlings (the test plant). All fungicides were applied at the same concentrations as those in the in vitro tests. Only copper oxychloride was found to show protective activity against the studied diseases. This result indicates that the antibacterial properties of the other fungicides did not correspond with their activity on the plant organs used in the in vivo experiment.

6

Erysiphe flexucosa, a new for Poland powdery mildew causing disease of Aesculus hippocastanum

88%

Piatek M.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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2002

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tom 24

7

Occurrence of pathogenic Fusarium species on cultivated plants in Poland. I. Occurrence of Fusarium species on vegetables

88%

Czyzewska S., Zarzycka H.

Hodowla Roślin, Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo

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1993

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tom 37

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nr 4

8

Preliminary observations on quinoa [Chenopodium quinoa] health status in Poland

88%

Panka D., Lenc L., Gesinski K.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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2004

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tom 31

9

Yield of field grown pepper infected with tobamoviruses

88%

Macias W.

Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin

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2003

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tom 59

10

Inhibited long distant movement of potato leafroll virus [PLRV] in some potato clones

88%

Flis B., Wasilewicz-Flis I.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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2003

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tom 27

11

Preliminary anastomosis grouping by modified technique for Rhizoctonia solani isolated from sugarbeet seedlings

88%

Moliszewska E. B.

Phytopathologia Polonica

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2002

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tom 26

12

Susceptibility of potato cultivars to bacterial soft rot - Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora

88%

Zolobowska L., Mackowiak A., Pospieszny H.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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1998

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tom 38

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nr 1

During our study we examined 19 most popular Polish potato cultivars. Susceptibility of tubers to bacterial infection was assessed by two methods: direct injection of bacterial suspension into tuber tissue and clay-inoculation method. The cultivars were divided into three groups: tolerant, relatively susceptible and susceptible. Elida, Bila and Vistula proved to be the most susceptible potato cultivars whereas Ekra and Mila the most resistant. Some of the cultivars such as Oda had resistant peel and susceptible tissue. Therefore during storage of Oda-like cultivars healthy and undamaged tubers are so important.

13

Can we enhance durable resistance against Plasmopara halstedii [sunflower downy mildew]?

76%

Sakr N.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2010

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tom 50

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nr 1

15-21

Sunflower downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii is one of the most potentially important diseases. So far, a complete, major gene resistance (Pl) has been used successfully, but with the appearance of eight races in France since 2000, research on more durable resistance was undertaken. In this study, we present new results concerning the evolution of pathogenicity of P. halstedii under conditions of re-enforced infection and different Pl gene selection pressures. Moreover, we imagine the evolution of virulence and aggressiveness of P. halstedii under a mixture model of sunflower inbred lines carrying the two types of resistance which may enhance durable resistance against it. Examples of host-parasite interactions including the influence of plant mixture models against pathogens are equally presented to understand how the pathogen develops its pathogenicicity.

14

Malting barley seed health depending on different fungicide treatment

76%

Majchrzak B., Dubis B., Okorski A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2008

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tom 61

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nr 2

Field studies were carried out in the 2004 – 2005 growing seasons. The mycological analysis of malting barley (varieties Prestige and Sezam) grains was performed twice: on seeds stored for 30 days and on seeds stored for fi ve months. The infl uence of fungicide treatment on species diversity and the amount of fungal pathogens on kernels of both varieties of malting barley were determined in the studies. Main fungal pathogens of both varieties of malting barley were fi eld fungal species, such as: Alternaria alternata, Epicocum purpurascens, and fungi of the genus Fusarium. The extension of the grain storage period to fi ve months resulted in an increased share of pathogenic species.

15

Sheath brown rot disease of rice caused by Pseudomonas fuscovaginae in the Peninsular Malaysia

76%

Razak A. A., Zainudin N. A. I. M., Sidiqe S. N. M., Ismail N. A., Mohamad N. M. I. N., Salleh B.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2009

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tom 49

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nr 3

244-249

Relative to the established and well known rice diseases, sheath brown rot caused by Pseudomonas fuscovaginae can be considered new but getting widespread and serious all over the world. Our research was aimed to monitor and quantify the incidence and importance of the disease in Malaysia. A series of field monitoring and sampling were conducted to quantify the incidence and severity of the disease. Laboratory analysis of the collected diseased plant was done to identify the causal organism. Disease resistance screening of selected rice cultivars were also conducted to overcome the problem. The disease was found to become more important, prevalent and widely spread throughout rice growing areas in Peninsular Malaysia. Infected plants in the field became yellowish, lower leaf sheaths turned light or dark brown, while grains produced by an infected plant were discoloured, malformed and empty. The highest disease incidence was recorded in the state of Pahang (62%) and Selangor (62%), while the most severe infection was recorded in Pahang (55%) and Terengganu (61%). The evaluations of varietal resistance evaluation showed that the pathogen naturally infected all tested rice varieties at different levels of infection. Several rice varieties i.e. MR240, MR243, MR244, MR245, MR246, MR248 and MR249, classified as moderately resistant to the disease, could be recommended for planting in the next planting season.

16

Overwintering form of Erysiphe necator, the causal agent of grapevine powdery mildew in southern Syria

76%

Alimad N., Naffaa W., Azmeh F.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2017

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tom 57

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nr 2

Th e main aims of this study were to determine the overwintering form and the primary inoculum of Erysiphe necator, the causal agent of grapevine powdery mildew in southern Syria. Eleven vineyards located at fi ve diff erent geographical sites were visited every week from March to November in 2014 and 2015. Th e results of fi eld and histopathological studies showed that E. necator survived as mycelium in dormant grapevine buds during the winter season. Th e fi rst fl ag shoots were observed shortly aft er bud break in spring. Th e number of fl ag shoots varied greatly according to vineyards, cultivars and years, being present on 27.4 to 61.9% of the grapevines in 2014, and on 5.2 to 40% of the grapevines in 2015. Th e percentage of fl ag shoots on the same grapevine also varied according to the year, cultivar and location. It was between 4.3 to 9.4% in 2014, and 2.1 to 3.6% in 2015. Th e disease was observed only on Balady and Black cultivars. Conidia were released from the second week of May to early September. Th e fi rst conidia were trapped around mid-May, and the fi rst secondary symptoms were observed on leaves from mid-May to early June according to the site. Chasmothecia were observed on leaves in 45.5% of the studied vineyards. Th e fi rst observation of chasmothecia on leaves was in July, and their numbers varied greatly between vineyards and years. Chasmothecia were not detected on bark, nor were ascospores trapped at the beginning of the season. Th ese results confi rmed that the ascospores did not have any role in the initiation of spring infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fi rst report of the overwintering form of E. necator in Syria.

17

A comparison between Pseudomonas aureofaciens (chlororaphis) and P. fluorescens in biological control of cotton seedling damping-off disease

76%

Samavat S., Heydari A., Zamanizadeh H. R., Rezaee S., Aliabadi A. A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2014

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tom 54

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nr 2

Due to the importance of the biological control of plant diseases, testing and introducing new biocontrol-active microorganisms is a major concern among plant pathologists. The causal agent of cotton seedling damping-off disease is Rhizoctonia solani. In this regard, we tried to investigate the antagonistic activities of Pseudomonas aureofaciens (chlororaphis) 30–84 (phenazine producing wild type and non-phenazine producing mutant) strains on R. solani, in comparison with some isolates of P. fluorescent under both in vitro (laboratory) and in vivo (greenhouse) conditions. In the laboratory experiment, the inhibitory effects of all the bacteria, on the growth of R. solani, were evaluated using the dual culture procedure. Results showed that five isolates of P. fluorescent along with both strains of P. aureofaciens significantly inhibited the growth of R. solani. Effective bacterial antagonists were then evaluated in a greenhouse experiment where cotton seeds were coated with their suspensions and were sown in pasteurised field-soil. The soil had been pre-inoculated with a virulent isolate of R. solani. The efficacy of the bacterial antagonists was evaluated by counting the number of surviving seedlings in different treatments, at 15 and 60 days after sowing, for determining pre- and post-emergence damping-off incidence. According to the results of the greenhouse experiment, at both intervals, two isolates of P. fluorescens along with both strains of P. aureofaciens caused significant increases in the number of healthy seedlings, in comparison with the untreated control, and a commonly used fungicide (carboxin-thiram). The efficacy of phenazine producing a wild type strain of P. aureofaciens was higher than its non-phenazine producing mutant, indicating that phenazine plays an important role in the antagonistic activity of P. aureofaciens. Effective bacterial antagonists were then studied for their antagonistic mechanisms. The results showed that all four bacteria employed different mechanisms. The bacteria produced siderophore, and volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites, in their antagonistic activities. The results of this study suggest that P. auerofaciens may be a new biocontrol agent for controlling cotton seedling mortality disease.

18

Occurrence and characterization of Colletotrichum dematium (Fr.) grove

76%

Machowicz-Stefaniak Z.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2010

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tom 59

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nr 3

Colletotrichum dematium was isolated from caraway for the first time in Poland in 2005. Isolations of this fungus were repeated in 2006 and 2007. The cultures of fungus were obtained from superficially disinfected leaves, root necks, roots, stems and umbels. The isolates were identified on culture media: PDA and malt agar with addition of pieces of caraway stems and on the base of macro and microscopic structures. Studies on the biotic effect between C. dematium and other species of phyllosphere fungi of caraway showed that the majority of the studied species limited the growth and development of C. dematium, but the size of the limiting effect was different. The species from Trichoderma and Gliocladium genera were the most effective against C. dematium, causing degeneration and lysis of hyphae and precluded the formation of the pathogen's acervuli and conidia. C. dematium in dual culture with E. purpurascens, A. radicina, S. sclerotiorum, B. cinerea and R. solani produced an inhibition zone which indicated its capacity for antibiosis.

19

Components of quantitative resistance to downy mildew [Plasmopara halstedii] in sunflower [Helianthus annuus]

76%

Sakr N.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2009

|

tom 49

|

nr 3

297-301

Components of quantitative resistance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) to Plasmopara halstedii, the pathogen causing downy mildew, were investigated. Percentage infection, latent period, sporulation density and reduction of hypocotyl length were compared on two sunflower lines showing different levels of quantitative resistance in the field infected with different P. halstedii strains of races 100, 300, 710 and 714 in controlled conditions. The inbred line BT, rather susceptible in the field, showed a higher percentage infection, a higher sporulation density, a shorter latent period and less reduced hypocotyl length than inbred line FU, which showed a greater resistance in the field. The very good resistance of inbred line FU observed in the field was confirmed by the measurements of quantitative resistance criteria described in this study. Percentage infection of FU was 1.4% less than BT, latent period of BT was 12.4% less than FU, sporulation density of FU was 22.3% less than BT and reduced hypocotyl length of BT was 15.3% less than FU. It seems that the criteria such as latent period, sporulation density and reduction of hypocotyl length may be used to measure quantitative resistance in sunflower to P. halstedii.

20

9th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology and Sociedade Portuguesa de Fitopatologia "Integrated Plant Disease Management". Evora 15-18.11.2010

76%

Manka M.

Phytopathologia

|

2011

|

tom 59

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